9 results
Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis and Treatment
Hypernatremia is almost always due to unreplaced water loss (free water
Hypernatremia - ... Diabetes Insipidus: neurogenic ... , nephrogenic 4 ... risk for cerebral edema ... management #nephrology #sodium
Posterior Reversible Encephalopathy Syndrome (PRES) Overview

Clinico-Radiological Syndrome, characterized by:
 • Headache
 • Seizures
 • Altered mental
Posterior Reversible Encephalopathy ... Etiology: • Pathophysiology ... epilepticus Treatment ... underlying cause • Treatment ... Posterior #Reversible #Encephalopathy
Hyponatremia - Diagnosis and Treatment
Hyponatremia is usually caused by the inability to excrete water normally.
and Treatment ... Treatment: Treatment ... demyelination syndrome ... of symptomatic (seizures ... management #nephrology #sodium
Noncardiogenic Pulmonary Edema - Differential Diagnosis Framework

NCPE Pathophysiology:
Noncardiogenic pulmonary edema occurs because of excessive pulmonary capillary
Noncardiogenic Pulmonary Edema ... Framework NCPE Pathophysiology ... respiratory distress syndrome ... /eclampsia • Neurogenic ... cerebral hemorrhage, seizure
Diuretics and Agents Regulating Renal Excretion

Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors (Acetazolamide, Dichlorphenamide)
 • Glaucoma
 • Epilepsy
 • Altitude
disequilibrium syndrome ... • Hyponatremia ... • Nephrogenic ... Tolvaptan) • Treatment ... and euvolemic hyponatremia
CNS Manifestations of Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE)

Clinical Manifestations: Demyelinating Syndrome, Headache, Movement disorders, Seizure disorders, Aseptic
Demyelinating Syndrome ... Movement disorders, Seizure ... Meningitis, Myelopathy, Encephalopathy ... Disease, PRES Pathophysiology ... Puncture, EEG Treatment
Refeeding Syndrome Overview

What Is It?
	• Electrolyte/fluid shifts caused by initiation of nutrition in severely malnourished patient.
Refeeding Syndrome ... Rhabdomyolysis • Seizures ... • Wernicke encephalopathy ... hyperparathyroidism Treatment ... Differential #Diagnosis #Pathophysiology
Heat Illnesses and Heat Stroke - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Heat Cramps:
 • Muscle pain or spasm -
Dehydration - Loss of sodium ... conditions - Neurogenic ... heat illness → Hypernatremia ... Collapse: • Pathophysiology ... consciousness, Coma/seizure
Gitelman Syndrome Overview

What?
• Inherited (AR) hypokalemic salt-losing tubulopathies affecting the thiazide-sensitive sodium chloride cotransporter
• Gitelman's syndrome
thiazide-sensitive sodium ... thiazide-sensitive sodium ... tachycardia • Seizures ... Rhabdomyolysis Treatment ... nephrology #management #pathophysiology