6 results
Distal Renal Tubular Acidosis
Distal RTA is the true Nephrogenic RTA and can be truly divided into
Renal Tubular Acidosis ... the true Nephrogenic ... diseases(Sjogren's Syndrome ... - A high K problem ... #differential
Causes of Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis
Inadequate water intake:
 • Lack of access to water
Extrarenal hypotonic fluid
- Differential ... concentrating defect ... insipidus • Nephrogenic ... Causes #nephrology #sodium ... #high
Inherited Defects in Kidney Tubule Epithelial Cells

Renal glucosuria - Na+-dependent glucose cotransporter
Cystinuria - Amino acid transporter
Bartter
Inherited Defects ... cell epithelial sodium ... of epithelial sodium ... renal tubular acidosis ... Nephrology #Diagnosis #Differential
Heat Illnesses and Heat Stroke - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Heat Cramps:
 • Muscle pain or spasm -
Dehydration - Loss of sodium ... conditions - Neurogenic ... heat illness → Hypernatremia ... High body temperatures ... consciousness, Coma/seizure
Gitelman Syndrome Overview

What?
• Inherited (AR) hypokalemic salt-losing tubulopathies affecting the thiazide-sensitive sodium chloride cotransporter
• Gitelman's syndrome
thiazide-sensitive sodium ... ratio 0.5%) Differential ... Renal tubular acidosis ... (RTA)) • Refeeding ... tachycardia • Seizures
Causes of Hyperkalemia
l. Pseudohyperkalemia
  A Cellular efflux; thrombocytosis, erythrocytosis, leukocytosis, in vitro hemolysis
  B.
Hereditary defects ... Acidosis B. ... antiphospholipid syndrome ... #Hyperkalemia #Differential ... #Diagnosis #High