12 results
Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis Workup Algorithm

1) Check Urine Osmolality:
 > 600 mOsm/kg - Implies extrarenal mechanism
Differential Diagnosis Workup ... mechanism 2) Volume Status ... , Cushing syndrome ... #Algorithm #nephrology ... #sodium
Hypernatremia Diagnosis and Workup

Step 1 . Repeat the sodium concentration.
Step 2.  Check plasma osmolality.
NORMAL PLASMA
and Workup Step ... Repeat the sodium ... Assess volume status ... • nephrotic syndrome ... #Algorithm #Nephrology
Hyponatremia - Diagnosis and Treatment
Hyponatremia is usually caused by the inability to excrete water normally.
usually caused by ... 3 questions to work ... demyelination syndrome ... of symptomatic (seizures ... #sodium
Status Epilepticus Management

 • Definition of Status Epilepticus
 • Diagnostic Workup
 • Potential Causes

Treatment of Status
• Diagnostic Workup ... • Potential Causes ... Management #epilepsy #neurology ... #seizure #management ... #treatment
Posterior Reversible Encephalopathy Syndrome (PRES) Overview

Clinico-Radiological Syndrome, characterized by:
 • Headache
 • Seizures
 • Altered mental
may precede the neurologic ... epilepticus Treatment ... the underlying cause ... • Treatment of ... with AEDs until cause
CNS Manifestations of Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE)

Clinical Manifestations: Demyelinating Syndrome, Headache, Movement disorders, Seizure disorders, Aseptic
Demyelinating Syndrome ... Movement disorders, Seizure ... autoantibodies that will cause ... Secondary prevention (statin ... Erythematosus #SLE #CNS #neurology
Rhabdomyolysis - Differential Diagnosis Framework and Management Summary

Causes of Rhabdomyolysis:
 • Trauma:
	- Immobilization
	- Crush injury
	- Compartment
Management Summary Causes ... exertion/training - Seizures ... Toxins - Drugs - Statins ... Hyperuricemia • Hyponatremia ... #treatment #nephrology
Diuretics and Agents Regulating Renal Excretion

Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors (Acetazolamide, Dichlorphenamide)
 • Glaucoma
 • Epilepsy
 • Altitude
Hyponatremia ... Kidney stones caused ... Tolvaptan) • Treatment ... and euvolemic hyponatremia ... Excretion #Diuresis #Nephrology
Causes of Status Epilepticus in Adults
METABOLIC DISTURBANCES
Hepatic encephalopathy
Hypocalcemia
Hypoglycemia or hyperglycemia
Hyponatremia
Uremia
INFECTIOUS PROCESSES
Central nervous system abscess
Encephalitis
Meningitis
WITHDRAWAL SYNDROMES
Alcohol
Antiepileptic drugs
Baclofen
Barbiturates
Benzodiazepines
CENTRAL
Causes of Status ... hyperglycemia Hyponatremia ... Meningitis WITHDRAWAL SYNDROMES ... #Epilepticus #Seizures ... #neurology
Guillain-Barre Syndrome - Summary

Acute AIDP that presents with rapidly progressive flaccid weakness

Epidemiology:
 • 1-2 cases/100,000 per
Epidemiology: • 1-2 cases ... • Weakness: Starts ... /constipation, hyponatremia ... Treatment: • Plasmapheresis ... #neurology