89 results
Spinal Cord Disorders - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Spinal cord neurological lesion:
Clinical findings:
 • Symptoms and signs below
cord neurological lesion ... the site of a lesion ... Non-compressive Spinal Cord Causes ... Transverse myelitis - Neuromyelitis ... #spinal #cord #spinalcord
CNS Ring-Enhancing Lesions - Immunocompromised vs Immunocompetent
Multiple Ring-Enhancing Lesions:
 • Toxoplasmosis (CD4 < 100)
 • Other
Ring-Enhancing Lesions ... Ring-Enhancing Lesions ... Compatible syndrome + MRI ... lesions + toxo ... differential #diagnosis #causes
Lesions of the Spinal cord - Spinal Cord Syndromes

Spinal cord lesions can result in permanent neurologic
Causes of spinal ... • Extrinsic Causes ... Lower motor neuron symptoms ... Upper motor neuron symptoms ... unilateral) #SpinalCord
BEE Syndromes - Immune-mediated conditions affecting the brain, eye, and ear

Visual or auditory symptoms in conjunction
Visual or auditory symptoms ... conjunction with symptoms ... Inflammatory causes ... Multiple sclerosis • Neuromyelitis
Neuromyelitis Optica (NMO) - Clinical Manifestations
 • Optic neuritis: Reduced visual acuity, ranging from mild to
Neuromyelitis Optica ... involvement: Intractable nausea ... s41572-020-0214-9 #Neuromyelitis ... diagnosis #neurology #symptoms
Tinnitus - Subjective (heard only by patient) - 90% - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Unilateral On Audiogram -
Audiogram - Perform MRI ... to rule out RC Lesion ... • Brainstem Lesion ... • Metabolic Causes ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #Causes
Transverse Myelitis Overview

Focal inflammatory disorder of the spinal cord resulting in rapid onset of weakness, sensory
compressive cord lesion ... Bilateral signs and/or symptoms ... less swollen - Lesion ... or optic nerve lesions ... sclerosis (MS) - Neuromyelitis
Causes of Dizziness - Vertigo - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
True Vertigo - Illusion of Rotary Movement
Peripheral Vestibular
Causes of Dizziness ... vomiting, auditory symptoms ... Imbalance, neurologic symptoms ... Space-Occupying Lesion ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #Causes
Childhood Immunization Schedule: Why we immunize
 • Diphtheria Toxin -> URT inflammation causes pseudomembrane with hardened
URT inflammation causes ... severe swelling causes ... hemorrhagic rash; symptoms ... persists as skin lesions ... non-specific viral symptoms
Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy (HOCM) - Diagnosis and Management
Diagnosis
 1. Wall thickness 215 mm (TTE/CT/MRI) 
 2. Absence
215 mm (TTE/CT/MRI ... Absence of Secondary Cause ... testing, LGE on MRI ... Prevention - Prevent Symptoms