11 results
Hematuria - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Gross Hematuria: Red/Dark urine
 • 1ml blood/liter urine can induce color change
- Differential Diagnosis ... sediment Microscopic ... sediment by microscopy ... - RBC casts → Diagnostic ... #Differential #Diagnosis
Atlas of Urine Microscopy Findings
 • Epithelial cells - Normal
 • Renal tubular cells - Acute
Atlas of Urine Microscopy ... red - cells Non-glomerular ... also be seen if urine ... Red cell casts - Diagnostic ... #key #diagnosis
Summary of characteristic abnormalities of selected glomerular diseases
Light Microscopy (LM) - Immunofluorescence Microscopy (IM) - Electron
abnormalities of selected glomerular ... • Lupus ISN/RPS ... polyangiitis #glomerular ... nephrology #pathology #comparison ... #table #diagnosis
Nephritic vs Nephrotic Syndrome

Step 1: If the patient has hematuria and/or proteinuria, think about nephrotic/nephritic syndromes.
Step
the patient have glomerular ... dysmorphic RBCs in urine ... Nephrotic #Syndrome #Comparison ... Algorithm #Nephrology #Diagnosis
Important Fungal Stains
Mycology Lab:
 • Calcofluor white - Fluorochrome that binds glucans and chitin in fungal
cell response to fungi ... #microbiology #microscopy ... #staining #diagnosis ... #fungi #fungus ... #comparison #table
Causes of Hematuria - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Red blood cells on urine microscopy. Must exclude false positives
- Differential Diagnosis ... blood cells on urine ... microscopy. ... with polyangiitis/microscopic ... #Differential #Diagnosis
Diagnostic Criteria for Scleroderma Renal Crisis 

1. New onset blood pressure >150/85 mm Hg OR increase
Diagnostic Criteria ... hematuria on urine ... blood cells on urine ... microscopy ... fibrinoid necrosis, glomerular
Urine Microscopy Crystals
Uric Acid crystals:
 - Formation promoted by acidic urine
 - Seen in tumor lysis
Urine Microscopy ... promoted by acidic urine ... - Diagnostic of ... #Microscopy #Crystals ... #comparison #table
Causes of Proteinuria - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Persistent Proteinuria >150mg/d protein present on repeat testing including overnight
- Differential Diagnosis ... Proteinuria (Negative urine ... • Drugs Glomerular ... polyangiitis (GPA) / microscopic ... #Differential #Diagnosis
Pulmonary Infections in HIV-AIDS
Bacterial: 
 • No organism identified, Strep pneumoniae, H. influenzae, S.aureus, Streptococcus Grp
> 200: Endemic fungi ... PCP, Aspergillus spp ... , Endemic fungi ... Cryptococcal Ag, Urine ... HIVAIDS #workup #diagnosis