14 results
Hypokalemia Differential Algorithm
Acidosis
 - RTA
 - Diarrhea
pH Normal 
 1. Decreased Mg 
 2. Intracellular Shift
Hypokalemia Differential ... Algorithm Acidosis ... Renal artery stenosis ... Diagnosis #Causes #Workup ... #Nephrology
Causes of Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Defining the cause of hypokalemia starts by measuring urinary K
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... gastrointestinal K loss • Renal ... • Renal tubular ... Ureterosigmoidostomy, Diabetic ... #causes #nephrology
Hyperkalemia: Diagnostic algorithm
Decreased renal potassium excretion
 • Acute renal failure
 • Chronic renal failure
 • Drugs
Increased
Hyperkalemia: Diagnostic ... algorithm Decreased ... • Drugs • Diabetic ... #Diagnosis #algorithm ... #nephrology #potassium
Hypocalcemia Workup - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
 • Low Magnesium, High Magnesium - Functional Hypoparathyroidism
 • High
Hypocalcemia Workup ... Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... metastases, Hungry bone ... #Workup #Differential ... #nephrology #calcium
Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis Workup Algorithm

1) Check Urine Osmolality:
 > 600 mOsm/kg - Implies extrarenal mechanism
Differential Diagnosis Workup ... Algorithm 1) ... mOsm/kg - Implies renal ... • Euvolemic: Diabetes ... #Algorithm #nephrology
Hypophosphatemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
 • Decreased intake/absorption: Starvation, Alcoholism, Malabsorption, Phosphate binder use
 • Redistribution/
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... malabsorption), Hungry bone ... syndrome • Renal ... Post transplant, Diabetes ... #causes #nephrology
Classification of Diabetes Insipidus

Central or neurogenic diabetes insipidus:
 - Congenital - Structural malformations affecting the hypothalamus
Classification of Diabetes ... Acquired - Primary renal ... causes (e.g., hypokalemia ... Treatment is aimed ... Classification #Types #Nephrology
Causes of Hypokalemia
Transcellular Shifts:
 - Alkalosis, Increased plasma insulin (treatment of diabetic ketoacidosis), ß-Adrenergic agonists, Hypokalemic
plasma insulin (treatment ... of diabetic ketoacidosis ... Villous adenoma Renal ... chewing tobacco, Renal ... differential #diagnosis #nephrology
Hyperkalemia - Diagnosis and Management - GrepMed Handbook

S/Sx: Most pts asymptomatic. Weakness, cramping, nausea, paresthesias, palpitations,
post-hypothermia • ↓ Renal ... Excretion: - Renal ... reabsorption) Workup ... 15 suggests ↓ renal ... #potassium #nephrology
Diabetic Ketoacidosis (DKA) - Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings
 • Note: in DKA, body K+ is lost
Diabetic Ketoacidosis ... Clinical Findings • Note ... To prevent hypokalemia ... patient has good renal ... endocrinology #diabetes