105 results
Causes of Recurrent Pregnancy Loss - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Environmental:
 • Toxin (organic solvents, mercury, lead)
 •
Causes of Recurrent ... Genetic: • Maternal ... ageMaternal ... / paternal chromosomal ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #Causes
Causes of Urticaria

Immunoglobulin E (IgE) mediated

 - Aeroallergens

 - Contact allergen

 - Food allergens

 - Insect
Causes of Urticaria ... Immunoglobulin E (IgE ... infections Non-IgE ... #Mediated #NonIgE ... #Causes
Pulmonary Pathology and Associated Lung Ultrasound Findings
Pneumothorax:
 - No lung sliding/barcode sign
 - Lung point (hard
sliding/barcode sign ... hard to find) - Bilateral ... Consolidations - "Shred" sign ... pleura in severe cases ... differential #diagnosis #signs
X-Linked Agammaglobulinemia: Pathogenesis and clinical findings
The epidemiology of this disease is 1/340,000 births and roughly double
Signs of immunodeficiency ... to a decline in maternal ... to produce all classes ... humoral immunity Signs ... , IgG, and IgM
Primary Adrenal Insufficiency
Addison's Disease - Damage of the adrenal glands with lack of cortisol, androgens and
Tuberculosis: can cause ... and melanoma Bilateral ... vomiting • Fatigue Signs ... Cortisol Deficiency: Signs ... Reduced libido • Signs
Hematuria - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Gross Hematuria: Red/Dark urine
 • 1ml blood/liter urine can induce color change
Glomerular Bleeding - IgA ... Mesangioproliferative GN without IgA ... hematuria • Signs ... Urethra/Prostate Causes ... urinary tract) Causes
Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS) Summary
ALS: combination of the clinical examination finding of amyotrophy with the pathologic
- Causes progressive ... of UMN and LMN signs ... Escorial criteria uses ... of UMN and LMN signs ... EMG: LMN Signs in
Adhesive Capsulitis (Frozen Shoulder) - Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings

 • Primary (Idiopathic): Unknown etiology, but associated
shoulder injury (i.e ... a stroke that caused ... Increase => Months later ... tissue => Years later ... diagnosis #symptoms #signs
Retinoblastoma: Pathogenesis and clinical findings
 • Sporadic mutation -> One allele of RB1 tumor suppressor gene
Mutagenic event i.e ... Mutagenic event i.e ... of the cell -> Bilateral ... Retinoblastoma Signs ... ophthalmology #diagnosis #signs
The PA-film shows a silhouette sign of the left heart border.
Even without looking at the lateral
shows a silhouette sign ... looking at the lateral ... to a pneumonia caused