14 results
Causes of Knee Effusions - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Knee Effusion Red Flags:
1. Fever/Chills/Joint pain/Night sweats/Weight loss
	- DDX:
		-
Causes of Knee Effusions ... Aneurysmal bone cyst ... - Synovium - Oral ... #Effusions #causes ... differential #diagnosis #msk
Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE): Musculoskeletal Manifestations

 • Immune Complex Deposition
    - Arthralgia, Arthritis
Proximal Weakness, Normal ... Myopathy (Also caused ... Erythematosus #SLE #MSK ... Complications #pathophysiology ... #signs #symptoms
Popliteal (Baker’s) Cyst: Pathogenesis and clinical findings
 • Idiopathic
 • Meniscal Lesions
 • Osteoarthritis
 • Rheumatoid
Popliteal (Baker’s) Cyst ... intra-articular knee ... Popliteal #BakersCyst #MSK ... #pathophysiology ... #signs #symptoms
Cauda Equina Syndrome
Causes:
 • Large lumbar degenerative disc herniation (central)
 • Severe lumbar spondylosis
 • Neoplasm
Equina Syndrome Causes ... spine Signs / Symptoms ... Areflexia (loss of normal ... CaudaEquina #Syndrome #MSK ... #pathophysiology
Trendelenburg Gait: Pathogenesis and clinical findings

Skeletal Pathology of the Hip
 • Arthritis
 • Congenital hip dysplasia
Valgus position of knee ... Trendelenburg #Gait #pathophysiology ... #causes #symptoms ... signs #diagnosis #msk
Sarcoidosis - Diagnosis and Management Summary
Epidemiology
1) High incidence in Scandinavian countries (11-24 cases per 100,000 individuals
survival is 93-95% Pathophysiology ... are not caused ... patients have no symptoms ... anterior/posterior MSK ... ), liver (pain/abnormal
Mucoid Degeneration of the ACL
Imaging Findings:
 • T2-hyperintense fluid-signal within the enlarged ACL on both the
will often be NORMAL ... • ACL ganglion cyst ... - Can cause ... #degeneration #knee ... Radiology #diagnosis #msk
Scurvy (Vitamin C Deficiency) - Diagnosis and Management

Vitamin C is required for hydroxylation of proline residues
musculoskeletal symptoms ... Psychiatric symptoms ... nonimmune hemolysis MSK ... , or any other cause ... with 1 g/day of oral
Chronic Exertional Compartment Syndrome (CECS)
 • Diagnosis Of CECS requires patient to undergo the same exertional
activity that causes ... > 20 mmHg • Normal ... CompartmentSyndrome #CECS #pathophysiology ... diagnosis #signs #symptoms ... #msk
Transverse Myelitis Overview

Focal inflammatory disorder of the spinal cord resulting in rapid onset of weakness, sensory
10-33% develop MS ... monophasic Pathophysiology ... Bilateral signs and/or symptoms ... Sjogren's • CSF: - Abnormal ... • Infectious causes