28 results
Adie's Pupil
What? Unknown nature & benign
 • Regular and mildly dilated pupil (4-6mm);
 • Light-near dissociaton;
reexposed to light; • Normal ... females Differential Diagnosis ... dissociation • Other causes ... #Adies #Pupil #PhysicalExam ... #neurology #ophthalmology
Xeropthalmia: Pathogenesis and Ocular Manifestations

Decr Visual pigment -> Keratinization, thickening & non-wetting of the conjunctiva
mucins with reduced tear ... conjunctiva) • Bitot's spots ... pathophysiology #ophthalmology ... #diagnosis #signs ... #symptoms
Anterior ischemic optic neuropathy (AION) - Recognition of giant cell arteritis (GCA)

1) Is visual loss caused
Is visual loss caused ... thrombosis of short ... Doppler US : halo sign ... #Rheumatology #Ophthalmology ... #Diagnosis #Algorithm
Ear Pain (Otalgia) - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Primary Otalgia 
 - Pain that originates from the ear
- Differential Diagnosis ... the following symptoms ... • Associated symptoms ... vision or black spots ... #differential #diagnosis
Abnormalities in Rate and Rhythm of Breathing 
Normal 
The respiratory rate is about 14—20 per min
of Breathing Normal ... , and stop for short ... punctuated by frequent sighs ... Occasional sighs ... #Diagnosis #PhysicalExam
Chronic Hypertensive Retinopathy: Pathogenesis and clinical findings

Ophthalmic Artery Hypertension
Stage 1: Mild/vasoconstrictive
 • Acute and chronic vasospasm
-> Cotton-wool Spots ... -> Elschnig's Spots ... pathophysiology #ophthalmology ... #diagnosis #signs ... #symptoms #complications
Sarcoidosis - Diagnosis and Management Summary
Epidemiology
1) High incidence in Scandinavian countries (11-24 cases per 100,000 individuals
Sarcoidosis - Diagnosis ... at the time of diagnosis ... ), liver (pain/abnormal ... #Sarcoidosis #Diagnosis ... #Management #Signs
Floaters - Differential Diagnosis Framework

What?
Vitreous Floaters:
• Microscopic collagen fibers within the vitreous that tend to clump
- Differential Diagnosis ... the vision • Spots ... Retinal Detachment: Symptoms ... of a headache, normal ... #Ocular #ophthalmology
Secondary Syphilis Rash
Secondary syphilis is the most contagious of all the stages of this disease, and
The signs and symptoms ... genital, anal or oral ... reddish brown spots ... resembling rashes caused ... Syphilis #Rash #Diagnosis
Central Retinal Artery Occlusion: Pathogenesis and clinical findings
 • Inflammatory Disease: (i.e. GCA, SLE, GPA) ->
-> Cherry-red spot ... retinal edema caused ... pathophysiology #ophthalmology ... #diagnosis #signs ... #symptoms