31 results
Asthma vs COPD Presentation and Diagnosis
Asthma:
 • Epidemiology: Age usually < 45, History (personal or family)
Dyspnea, Wheeze, Chest ... Findings: Variably abnormal ... Cyanosis, Barrel chest ... , Pursed lip breathing ... : Persistently abnormal
COPD Physical Exam Likelihood Ratios
Barrel Chest - LR 1.5
Pursed Lip Breathing - LR 2.7
Reduced breath sounds
COPD Physical Exam ... Ratios Barrel Chest ... 1.5 Pursed Lip Breathing ... Hyperresonance of chest ... SatyaPatelMD #COPD
COPD phenotypes:  Blue Bloaters vs. Pink Puffers
The two most stereotypical forms of COPD are pink
maintain a near-normal ... of breathing). ... of breathing leading ... increase in the work ... of breathing, which
Abnormalities in Rate and Rhythm of Breathing 
Normal 
The respiratory rate is about 14—20 per min
Normal The respiratory ... —20 per min in normal ... disease, pleuritic chest ... bronchitis, and COPD ... Abnormalities #Abnormal
Pulmonary Function Tests (PFTs) - Interpretation Algorithm
 • Normal
 • Pulmonary Hypertension, Anemia, Carboxyhemoglobinemia
 • Chest
Algorithm • Normal ... Carboxyhemoglobinemia • Chest ... Non-Emphysematous COPD ... Emphysematous COPD
Hoover's Sign

Hoover’s sign refers to inward movement of the lower rib cage during inspiration- instead of
outward as is normal ... associated with COPD ... COPD, and more specifically ... Sign #Pulmonary #COPD ... Video #Clinical #Breathing
Severe Asthma Exacerbation
Signs of a Severe Asthma Exacerbation:
 • Vitals: ↑HR ↑RR ↓SpO2
 • High work
↓SpO2 • High work ... of breathing / ... low pH - Abnormally ... increased work ... of breathing
Hypoxemia / Hypoxia - Rapid Response Management Algorithm

Stridor - Upper airway pathology:
 • Anaphylaxis
 • Foreign
pneumothorax, COPD ... 12 / shallow breathing ... MG, ALS) • ↓ chest ... compliance (e.g., flail chest
Increased Airway Pressure - Guidelines for Crises in Anaesthesia

Using these steps from start to end should
• If machine/breathing ... type changed. ❸ Breathing ... • Check chest ... , 12-lead ECG, chest ... Diagnosis #Management #Workup
Cardiac Arrest - Guidelines for Crises in Anaesthesia

The probable cause is one or more of: something
priority is to start chest ... • Check breathing ... absolutely excluded. ❹ Breathing ... • Check chest ... Diagnosis #Management #Workup