23 results
The Neurological Evaluation of a Comatose Patient

Definition:
 • Coma: a state of unresponsiveness; the absence of
• Mutism Pathophysiology ... light reflex • Corneal ... in coma) • If ok ... flexed at the elbow
Xeropthalmia: Pathogenesis and Ocular Manifestations

Decr Visual pigment -> Keratinization, thickening & non-wetting of the conjunctiva
production -> Corneal ... conjunctiva and cornea ... blindness) • Corneal ... dryness of the cornea ... #Xeropthalmia #pathophysiology
Trachoma: Pathogenesis and clinical findings

 • Environmental Factors -> Bacterial infection is encouraged by poor hygiene
of the limbal cornea ... the peripheral cornea ... fibrosis => • Corneal ... Trachoma #Chlamydia #pathophysiology
Supracondylar Elbow Fracture
• Most common elbow fracture in children, peak age 5-7 
• When looking at
Supracondylar Elbow ... • Most common elbow ... looking at an elbow ... refusal to move elbow ... [can't make A-OK
Posterior Elbow Dislocation
The elbow is the second most commonly dislocated major joint in adults and the
Posterior Elbow ... Dislocation The elbow ... children, 80% of elbow ... obvious deformity, elbow ... [can't make A-OK
Cubital Tunnel Syndrome: Pathogenesis and clinical findings

 • Paresthesia of 5th and medial half of 4th
Medial hand and elbow ... pain • + elbow ... Syndrome #Diagnosis #pathophysiology
Orbital Cellulitis: Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings
Definitions:
a. Chemosis: Edema of the bulbar conjunctiva
b. Panopthalmitis: inflammation of all
Proptosis -> Exposes cornea ... -> Corneal drying ... Orbital #Cellulitis #pathophysiology
Onchocerciasis “River Blindness”: Pathogenesis and Ocular Manifestations
Vectorial Transmission
-> Onchocerca volvulus, a parasitic helminth, matures in to
stromal keratitis -> Corneal ... RiverBlindness #pathophysiology
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA): X-ray features
 • Soft tissue swelling (best seen by comparing left & right
at the exposed corners ... Radiology #Clinical #Pathophysiology
Keratoconus: Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings
Genetics
 • Family history of keratoconus
 • Ehlers-Danlos syndrome
 • Down, Turner,
Bilateral, asymmetric corneal ... Rizutti's Sign • Corneal ... #Keratoconus #pathophysiology