57 results
Hemophagocytic Lymphohistiocytosis (HLH)
Pathophysiology: Triggering factor (infection,...)→Activation of CD8 T cells (IFN-y) → Excessive activation of macrophages
accumulation of clinical ... Assessment • Clinical ... • Autoimmune diseases ... Adult-onset Still disease ... Lymphohistiocytosis #diagnosis #management
Causes of Ascites
Normal Peritoneum
Portal hypertension (SAAG > 1.1 g/dL)
  1. Hepatic congestionl
Causes of Ascites ... - Budd-Chiari syndrome ... - Veno-occlusive ... Portal vein occlusion ... SAAG < 1.1 g/dL) Infections
Purpura - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Non-blanchable, dark red to purple, hemorrhagic skin lesions that result from leakage
: • Vascular occlusion ... SLE) - Viral infections ... Kasabach-Merritt syndrome ... APLS • Acute Infectious ... Differential #Diagnosis #hematology
Hemophagocytic Lymphohistiocytosis (HLH)
Definition: Overwhelming clinical syndrome associated with excessive macrophage activation and cytokine storm due to
: Overwhelming clinical ... syndrome associated ... age, however the disease ... Lymphohistiocytosis #diagnosis #management ... #treatment #hematology
Causes of Pleural Effusion - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Transudate - Hydrostatic
 • Congestive heart failure
 • Constrictive
Causes of Pleural ... Urinothorax Exudate - Infectious ... Malignancy • Pulmonary ... Gastrointestinal disease ... #causes
Aortitis - Differential Diagnosis Framework
Non-Infectious Aortitis:
 • Vasculitides: Giant Cell Arteritis (GCA), Takayasu's arteritis, Cogan's Syndrome,
Framework Non-Infectious ... arteritis, Cogan's Syndrome ... , Sarcoidosis, HLA-B27 ... rare), Idiopathic Infectious ... Differential #Diagnosis #rheumatology
Clinical Classification of Pulmonary Hypertension

1. Pulmonary arterial hypertension from pulmonary vasculopathy
Idiopathic pulmonary arterial hypertension
Heritable gene mutations
Clinical Classification ... - HIV infection ... veno-occlusive ... multifactorial mechanisms Hematologic ... #Differential #Causes
Right-Sided Heart Failure - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Cardiac Causes - Rule out Left-Sided Heart Failure (Most Common):
Algorithm Cardiac Causes ... Disease • ... Respiratory Distress Syndrome ... • Chronic Lung Infection ... Veno-Occlusive
Common Variable Immunodeficiency (CVID)

What?
CVID: Immunodeficiency disorder with hypogammaglobulinemia -> increased infection risk secondary to impaired B-cell
to 8 years Clinical ... DDX - Other causes ... : • Nephrotic syndrome ... (Epstein-Barr syndrome ... hypogammaglobulinemia #immunology #hematology
Macrophage Activation Syndrome (MAS)
Classified among the secondary or acquired forms of haemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (sHLH)

What?
A subset of
Clinical Presentation ... Fever is the main clinical ... SLE], AOSD) • Infection ... #Diagnosis #Management ... #Hematology #Rheumatology