21 results
Cold Agglutinin Disease

3 Types of Cold Sensitive Antibodies:
  1. Cold Agglutinins (CAD)
  2. Donath-Landsteiner
Cryoglobulins (Vasculitic ... Syndrome (CAS): ... Diagnosis: • hemolytic ... #disease #hemolytic ... #anemia #hematology
Diagnostic Framework for Hemolysis - Intravascular vs Extravascular Causes
Intravascular Hemolysis:
 • Mechanical Trauma (Microangiopathic hemolytic anemia):
Diagnostic Framework ... ) (e.g. lupus, CLL ... , lymphoma, idiopathic ... . primary cold agglutin ... #hematology #anemia
Red Blood Cell (RBC) Morphology
Microcytic RBC: Pyridoxine deficiency, Thalassemia, Iron deficiency anemia, Chronic disease anemia (sometimes),
, Chronic disease ... IgM associated lymphoma ... Malignant lymphoma ... #differential #diagnosis ... #hematology #microscopy
Hemolytic Anemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
 • Sickle cells - Consider sickle cell disease (diverse genotypes):
Hemolytic Anemia ... Consider sickle cell ... Agglutination - Cold agglutinins ... cardiac valve, vasculitis ... #workup #hematology
Leukemias Overview: ALL, CML, AML, APML, CLL

Acute leukemias > 20% blasts in the peripheral blood smear
extramedullary disease ... - infiltrates (anemia ... -> Invade Skin: ... #Hematology #Oncology ... #Diagnosis
Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia - Summary

Cancer affecting lymphocytes/Mature B cell neoplasm
 • Lymphocytes accumulate in large numbers
Hepatomegaly • Skin ... cells can indicate disease ... • Neutropenia, anemia ... #workup #oncology ... #hematology
Causes of Thrombocytosis - Differential Diagnosis
Secondary Thrombocytosis (a.k.a Reactive Thrombocytosis):
 • Acute infection
 • Solid organ
malignancies • Anemia ... iron deficiency, hemolysis ... Myelodysplastic syndrome ... myeloid leukemia (CML ... #Causes #hematology
Purpura - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Non-blanchable, dark red to purple, hemorrhagic skin lesions that result from leakage
purple, hemorrhagic skin ... DIC/TTP/HUS - Hemolytic ... anemia - Splenomegaly ... #hematology #rheumatology ... #nonpalpable #dermatology
Approach to Thrombocytosis - Elevated Platelet Count - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Peripheral Smear concerning for malignancy?
→ Refer to hematology ... , deficiency anemia ... , Vasculitides, ... IBD, Celiac disease ... #Algorithm #hematology
Dermatologic Manifestations of Granulomatosis with Polyangiitis (GPA)

Skin involvement in granulomatosis with polyangiitis (GPA) is common and
Differential Diagnosis ... • Goodpasture syndrome ... • Angiocentric lymphoma ... #rash #diagnosis ... #rheumatology