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hematology differential causes erythematosus sle activation agglutinin bruising chronic cll cold cryofibrinogenemia cryoglobulinemia extravascular hemolysis intravascular leukemia lymphocytic macrophage management
Cryoglobulinemia Summary Cryoglobulins: • Cryoglobulins are Igs in the serum that precipitate in vitro at temperatures below
- Skin ulcers ... • Autoimmune diseases ... lupus erythematosus ... #classification ... #rheumatology #
Diagnostic Framework for Hemolysis - Intravascular vs Extravascular Causes Intravascular Hemolysis: • Mechanical Trauma (Microangiopathic hemolytic anemia):
Diagnostic Framework ... thrombocytopenic purpura ... usually IgG) (e.g. lupus ... , CLL, lymphoma, ... #hematology #anemia
Clinical Features of Systemic Lupus (SLE) General: Fever (50%), Depression, Fatigue (75%), Weight loss (50%) Eye: Sjögrens (15%) Skin
Sjögrens (15%) Skin ... Butterfly rash, Vasculitis ... , Purpura, Urticaria ... ) Blood (75%): Anemia ... #rheumatology
Purpura - Differential Diagnosis Framework Non-blanchable, dark red to purple, hemorrhagic skin lesions that result from leakage
Diagnosis Framework ... purple, hemorrhagic skin ... DIC/TTP/HUS - Hemolytic ... anemia - Splenomegaly ... #hematology #rheumatology
Pancytopenia - Differential Diagnosis Congenital Diseases: • GATA2 deficiency • Fanconi’s anemia • Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome • Ribosomopathy or telomeropathy Cancer: • Leukemia • Lymphoma Inflammatory
deficiency • Fanconi’s anemia ... Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome ... • Leukemia • Lymphoma ... : • Systemic lupus ... #Hematology
Vasculitis and Vasculitides - Differential Diagnosis Framework When to Consider Vasculitis: • Purpura, ischemic skin lesions •
inflammation Others: • Lupus ... as systemic lupus ... Serologies for Cryoglobulins ... #rheumatology # ... classification
Paraproteinemias Entities That Can Feature A Monoclonal Protein/M Component: • MM • WM • MGUS • MGCS • MGRS • Splenic Marginal Zone
• Coombs (-) hemolytic ... anemia due to cold ... Paraproteinemias #Hematology ... #Differential #Diagnosis ... #Oncology
Cold Agglutinin Disease 3 Types of Cold Sensitive Antibodies: 1. Cold Agglutinins (CAD) 2. Donath-Landsteiner
Cryoglobulins (Vasculitic ... Cold Agglutinin Syndrome ... Diagnosis: • hemolytic ... #hemolytic #anemia ... #hematology #diagnosis
Macrophage Activation Syndrome (MAS) Classified among the secondary or acquired forms of haemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (sHLH) What? A subset of
• Systemic lupus ... Hepatosplenomegaly and generalized ... with leukopenia, anemia ... #Diagnosis #Management ... #Hematology #Rheumatology
Causes of Purpura or Easy Bruising in Children Platelet count reduced, i.e. thrombocytopenia - Increased platelet destruction
- SLE (systemic ... lupus erythematosus ... Congenital heart disease ... #Causes #peds #pediatrics ... #diagnosis #differential
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