7 results
Hemophagocytic Lymphohistiocytosis (HLH)
Pathophysiology: Triggering factor (infection,...)→Activation of CD8 T cells (IFN-y) → Excessive activation of macrophages
+ Etiological Assessment ... +++ (Plt, Hb), Hepatic ... for etiological assessment ... Treatment: • ... diagnosis #management #treatment
Aplastic Anemia - Overview

Who?
• M = F
• 3 peaks:	1) Childhood	2) 15-25 years	3) >60 years

What?
• Aplastic anemia
Aplastic Anemia ... • Aplastic anemia ... Toxic injury to BM ... and petechiae Causes ... Treatment:
Hepatic Encephalopathy Treatment
 • Lactulose:
    - Oral liquid, 30-45mL 2-4x/day, titrated to 2-4
Hepatic Encephalopathy ... Treatment • Lactulose ... titrated to 2-4 BMs ... swallow) - Via enema ... For refractory cases
Causes of Lactate Elevation, Lactic Acidosis - Differential Diagnosis

The most common causes of hyperlactatemia are usually:
Causes of Lactate ... perfusion - shock->treatments ... thorough physical assessment ... before beginning treatment ... 30mmHg) - Severe anemia
Clinical Opioid Withdrawal Score (COWS)

Resting Pulse Rate: Record beats per minute after patient is sitting or
Observation during assessment ... last ½ hour • 2 - nausea ... or twice during assessment ... Hospital Opioid Use Treatment ... Withdrawal #Scale #Buprenorphine
Causes of Neutropenia - Differential Diagnosis
Neonate:
 - Infection - by far the most common cause
 -
Causes of Neutropenia ... hypertension and/or drug treatment ... replacing the BM ... Megaloblastic anemia-rare ... replacing the BM-common
Endocarditis - Overview and Differential Diagnosis Framework

Who?
Infectious:
• Pre-existing valvular disease
• Prosthetic valve
• Congenital heart disease
• IV
tumor embolism Septic ... emboli cause injury ... Leukocytosis, anemia ... hematuria, + RF Treatment ... Treat underlying cause