8 results
Cyanide Toxicity 
Treatment:
1) Hydroxocobalamin + Cyanide = Cyanocobalamin (nontoxic) 
   or 
2) Amyl nitrite
Amyl nitrite - causes ... thiosulfate enhances conversion ... Cyanide #Toxicity #Toxicology ... #Pathophysiology
Toxic Alcohol Ingestion: Isopropyl Alcohol
General concepts for toxic alcohols:
• Parent compounds (not metabolites) cause high osmolal
Toxic Alcohol Ingestion ... not metabolites) cause ... to lactate --> causes ... Diagnosis #Management #Toxicology ... #ALiEM
Pathogenesis of Select Causes of Constipation in Adults and in Elderly

 • Mechanical (ex. Bowel Obstruction,
Pathogenesis of Select Causes ... functions -> Decr Digestion ... Opioid Analgesics ... ) -> Opioids bind ... #constipation #pathophysiology
Toxic Alcohol Ingestion: Methanol
Solvent found in cleaning and printing solutions, adhesives, stains, paint removers,
antifreeze agent in
Toxic Alcohol Ingestion ... . formic acid) causes ... , but does NOT cause ... Diagnosis #Management #Toxicology ... #ALiEM
Noncardiogenic Pulmonary Edema - Differential Diagnosis Framework

NCPE Pathophysiology:
Noncardiogenic pulmonary edema occurs because of excessive pulmonary capillary
Framework NCPE Pathophysiology ... Causes include: ... Pulmonary vascular congestion ... syndrome (ARDS) • Opioid
Loperamide and QT Prolongation - Recently, there have been increasing cases of cardiotoxicity associated with high-dose
been increasing cases ... high-dose loperamide ingestion ... the effects of opioid ... seen with massive ingestions ... #Clinical #Toxicology
Serotonin Syndrome: Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings
Serotonin Syndrome: Variable combination of mental status changes, autonomic instability, and
after medication ingestion ... and most cases ... valporate, lithium), opioids ... Serotonin #Syndrome #Pathophysiology ... #Psychiatry #Diagnosis
Conduct Disorder (CD): Pathogenesis and clinical findings
 - Must have >3 symptoms present in the past
physical fights • Uses ... weapon that can cause ... setting with the intention ... BehavioralDisorder #Pathophysiology ... symptoms #signs #psychiatry