36 results
Graves’ Disease: Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings
B & T lymphocyte mediated autoimmunity attack TSH receptor -> Continuous
: Pathogenesis and ... the etiology Signs ... GravesDisease #pathophysiology ... #endocin #endocrinology ... #symptoms #signs
Growth Hormone Excess - Pathogenesis and clinical findings
 • Acromegaly and gigantism share the same pathophysiology
share the same pathophysiology ... • Enlarged hands ... Overproduction #diagnosis #signs ... #symptoms #endocrinology ... #pathophysiology
Primary Hyperthyroidism - Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings

Note: Although rare, gestational diseases can lead to thyrotoxicosis due
- Pathogenesis and ... Signs/Symptoms: ... Hyperthyroidism #endocrinology ... #pathophysiology
Supracondylar Elbow Fracture
• Most common elbow fracture in children, peak age 5-7 
• When looking at
anterior sail sign ... can't make A-OK sign ... syndrome • ED Management ... Posterior long arm • Ortho ... Type l, DC with ortho
Triquetral Fracture
The triquetrum is the second most commonly fractured carpal bone. Look for the "pooping duck
"pooping duck sign ... "pooping duck sign ... fractures • ED Management ... Splint: Volar • Ortho ... XRay #Diagnosis #Management
Feedback Loop: Growth Hormone (GH)
Growth Hormone:
 • Liver -> GHR activates JAK-STAT pathway -> Incr IGF1
activates osteoblasts and ... activates lipolysis Signs ... acromegaly, widening of hands ... #FeedbackLoop #endocrinology ... #pathophysiology
Posterior Elbow Dislocation
The elbow is the second most commonly dislocated major joint in adults and the
can't make A-OK sign ... fracture • ED Management ... Posterior long arm • Ortho ... Simple, DC with ortho ... XRay #Diagnosis #Management
RADIAL HEAD FRACTURE 
Radial head fractures are the most common elbow fracture in adults and are
anterior sail sign ... fracture • ED Management ... Splint: Sling • Ortho ... Type I, DC with ortho ... XRay #Diagnosis #Management
Scapholunate Dissociation
The spacing between all carpal bones should be 1-2 mm, look for the "Terry Thomas"
"Terry Thomas" sign ... ("Terry Thomas sign ... onto outstretched hand ... Thumb spica • Ortho ... XRay #Diagnosis #Management
Galeazzi Fracture 
Fracture of distal radial shaft with distal radial-ulnar joint disruption. Remember “MUGR” to recall
will be obvious; signs ... onto outstretched hand ... injuries: Rare • ED Management ... supination • Ortho ... XRay #Diagnosis #Management