11 results
Acute Kidney Injury - Classification
Prerenal:
 • Dehydration
 • Heart failure (a.k.a. cardiorenal syndrome)
 • Liver failure
Acute Kidney Injury ... - Classification ... - Hypertensive emergency ... tubular necrosis (causes ... #diagnosis #nephrology
Simplified Approach to Acute Kidney Injury (AKI)
1) IS THIS AN EMERGENCY? 
Is there a dialysis indication
to Acute Kidney Injury ... 1) IS THIS AN EMERGENCY ... require urgent nephrology ... CONSIDER INTRINSIC CAUSES ... workup #diagnosis #nephrology
Approach to Possible Hypertensive Emergency

criteria required to diagnose hypertensive emergency
(1) Severe hypertension
 - Usually a MAP
Possible Hypertensive Emergency ... mm is needed to cause ... hypertension (e.g ... - Acute kidney injury ... Myocardial ischemia (type-II
Classification of Diabetes Insipidus

Central or neurogenic diabetes insipidus:
 - Congenital - Structural malformations affecting the hypothalamus
Classification of ... uropathy, Metabolic causes ... (e.g., hypokalemia ... Diabetes #Insipidus #Classification ... #Types #Nephrology
Cryoglobulinemia Summary

Cryoglobulins:
 • Cryoglobulins are Igs in the serum that precipitate in vitro at temperatures below
causing endothelial injury ... • They can cause ... Cryoglobulins Cause ... tissue disorder (e.g ... #classification
Causes of Lactate Elevation, Lactic Acidosis - Differential Diagnosis

The most common causes of hyperlactatemia are usually:
by excretion (e.g ... its metabolism (e.g ... liver or renal injury ... gluconeogenesis Liver Injury ... classification
Peri-operative Hyperthermia - Guidelines for Crises in Anaesthesia
If prolonged or ≥ 39 C this is a
is a clinical emergency ... maintained fever CAUSES ... amphetamines) Toxic: • Radiologic ... Traumatic brain injury ... #Differential #Causes
Emergent Causes of Headache and Associated Risk Factors
Carbon monoxide poisoning
 - Breathing in enclosed or confined
Emergent Causes ... carbon monoxide (eg ... febrile illness—any type ... - Traumatic injury ... #differential #emergency
Hyperkalemia - Diagnosis and Management - GrepMed Handbook

S/Sx: Most pts asymptomatic. Weakness, cramping, nausea, paresthesias, palpitations,
Weakness, cramping, nausea ... , rhabdo/crush injury ... Aldosterone, RTA Type ... only if no clear cause ... Treatment #potassium #nephrology
Hepatorenal Syndrome (HRS)

Definition:
• Functional, potentially reversible kidney impairment.
• Occurs in advanced liver disease: cirrhosis, severe alcoholic
Caused by splanchnic ... Exclude other AKI causes ... Classification: ... HRS-AKI (formerly Type ... Syndrome #Hepatology #Nephrology