48 results
Crystalloid Composition - Normal Saline, Ringer's Lactate, Hartmann's Solution, PlasmaLyte

Ca2+ Mg2+ Cl- 
Acetate 
Lactate 
Gluconate 
Bicarbonate
Crystalloid Composition ... Bicarbonate Osmolarity ... #Crystalloids #Composition
REBEL Review 70: Fluid Composition - Colloids and Crystalloids

Colloids: Dextran, Gelatin - Crystalloids: Normal Saline, Ringer's
Review 70: Fluid Composition ... Bicarbonate Osmolarity ... crystalloids #colloids #composition
Lactated Ringers (LR) vs Normal Saline (NS) - Comparison

Composition of LR:
 • Sodium 130 mEq/L
 •
Comparison Composition ... lactate 28 mEq/L • Osmolarity ... of 9 kcal/L Composition ... 154 mEq/L • Osmolarity
Fluids, Electrolytes, Acid-Base
)
General Concepts
>
< Osmolality vs osmolarity
★
Osmolality
[H 20)
Milliosmoles per kg of water. The osmolality is the
Concepts > < Osmolality ... vs osmolarity ... ★ Osmolality [ ... The osmolality is ... Osmolarity (mOsm
Contrast dyes are divided into three groups based on their osmolarity.  High-osmolar contrast medium (HOCM),
based on their osmolarity ... LowOsmolarity #Osmolality
â–º
Hypernatremia Diagnosis and Workup

Step 1 . Repeat the sodium concentration.
Step 2.  Check plasma osmolality.
NORMAL PLASMA
Check plasma osmolality ... NORMAL PLASMA OSMOLALITY ... DECREASED PLASMA OSMOLALITY ... INCREASED PLASMA OSMOLALITY
IV Fluid Composition and Effects on Plasma
0.9% Saline
Ringer's Lactate
Balanced Crystalloid

#IVFluid #Composition #Plasma #comparison #Effects #nephrology #pharmacology
IV Fluid Composition ... Crystalloid #IVFluid #Composition
Calculating Plasma Osmolality and Osmolal Gap

Calculated Osmolality = 2 x Na  + Glucose/18 + BUN/2.8
Calculating Plasma Osmolality ... Calculated Osmolality ... Gap = Calculated Osmolality ... - Measured Osmolality ... #Osmolal #Gap #Osmolarity
Pathophysiology Based Approach to Hyponatremia - Diagnostic Algorithm

Not the "classic" Volume based approach. 

#Hyponatremia #Algorithm #Pathophysiology
Nephrology #UOsm #Osmolality
Polyuria - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Polyuria = >3L Urine output / 24 hours
Urine osmolality = 2 (Na
24 hours Urine osmolality ... /18 HIGH urine osmolality ... Azotemia LOW urine osmolality