9 results
Hyponatremia (<135 mEq/L) is a common electrolyte abnormality caused by an excess of total body water
Hyponatremia (<135 ... asymptomatic to seizures ... urea causes the hyponatremia ... True hyponatremia ... #hyponatremia #ADH
Hyponatremia - Diagnosis and Treatment
Hyponatremia is usually caused by the inability to excrete water normally.
majority of cases, ADH ... Calculate serum osmolality ... 2) Is ADH elevated ... Measure urine osmolality ... of symptomatic (seizures
Hemophagocytic Lymphohistiocytosis (HLH)
Clinical Features: Fever, Splenomegaly, Hepatomegaly, Lymphadenopathy, Confusion
Classic lab findings in HLH: ↑↑ ferritin, Anemia,
Lymphohistiocytosis (HLH ... ) Clinical Features ... lab findings in HLH ... ↑ AST & ALT, ↑ LDH ... Lymphohistiocytosis #diagnosis #hematology
Hemophagocytic Lymphohistiocytosis (HLH)
Pathophysiology: Triggering factor (infection,...)→Activation of CD8 T cells (IFN-y) → Excessive activation of macrophages
) Pathophysiology ... accumulation of clinical ... Assessment • Clinical ... >2400 Ul/ml, ↑ LDH ... treatment #summary #rheumatology
Macrophage Activation Syndrome (MAS)
Classified among the secondary or acquired forms of haemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (sHLH)

What?
A subset of
lymphohistiocytosis (HLH ... fever syndromes Clinical ... Fever is the main clinical ... 10,000 ng/mL • Hyponatremia ... #Rheumatology
CNS Manifestations of Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE)

Clinical Manifestations: Demyelinating Syndrome, Headache, Movement disorders, Seizure disorders, Aseptic
Erythematosus (SLE) Clinical ... Movement disorders, Seizure ... Disease, PRES Pathophysiology ... CNS #neurology #rheumatology
Rhabdomyolysis - Differential Diagnosis Framework and Management Summary

Causes of Rhabdomyolysis:
 • Trauma:
	- Immobilization
	- Crush injury
	- Compartment
exertion/training - Seizures ... Dermatomyositis Clinical ... Aldolase ↑ • LDH ... Hyperuricemia • Hyponatremia
Bandemia Overview

Normal: < 1%
Clinically significant: > 10%

Band neutrophils are slightly less mature than segmented neutrophils and
Normal: < 1% Clinically ... Diagnosis: • Seizures ... likelihood of negative clinical ... neutrophil #WBC #CBC #hematology ... #pathophysiology
Scleroderma Renal Crisis (SRC)

Clinical Presentation of Scleroderma Renal Crisis:
1) Acute kidney injury
2) Abrupt onset of hypertension
3)
Crisis (SRC) Clinical ... anemia (MAHA) Pathophysiology ... uncontrolled with ACEi, add ... Renal #Crisis #rheumatology