165 results
Crystalloid Composition - Normal Saline, Ringer's Lactate, Hartmann's Solution, PlasmaLyte

Ca2+ Mg2+ Cl- 
Acetate 
Lactate 
Gluconate 
Bicarbonate
Saline, Ringer's Lactate ... Cl- Acetate Lactate ... Bicarbonate Osmolarity ... #LR #Ringers #Lactated
Lactated Ringers (LR) vs Normal Saline (NS) - Comparison

Composition of LR:
 • Sodium 130 mEq/L
 •
Lactated Ringers ... mEq/L • Sodium lactate ... 28 mEq/L • Osmolarity ... 154 mEq/L • Osmolarity ... mEq • Sodium Lactate
REBEL Review 70: Fluid Composition - Colloids and Crystalloids

Colloids: Dextran, Gelatin - Crystalloids: Normal Saline, Ringer's
Saline, Ringer's Lactate ... Cl- Acetate Lactate ... Bicarbonate Osmolarity
Fluids, Electrolytes, Acid-Base
)
General Concepts
>
< Osmolality vs osmolarity
★
Osmolality
[H 20)
Milliosmoles per kg of water. The osmolality is the
Concepts > < Osmolality ... vs osmolarity ... ★ Osmolality [ ... The osmolality is ... Osmolarity (mOsm
Contrast dyes are divided into three groups based on their osmolarity.  High-osmolar contrast medium (HOCM),
based on their osmolarity ... LowOsmolarity #Osmolality
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Hypernatremia Diagnosis and Workup

Step 1 . Repeat the sodium concentration.
Step 2.  Check plasma osmolality.
NORMAL PLASMA
Check plasma osmolality ... NORMAL PLASMA OSMOLALITY ... DECREASED PLASMA OSMOLALITY ... INCREASED PLASMA OSMOLALITY
Pathophysiology Based Approach to Hyponatremia - Diagnostic Algorithm

Not the "classic" Volume based approach. 

#Hyponatremia #Algorithm #Pathophysiology
Nephrology #UOsm #Osmolality
Polyuria - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Polyuria = >3L Urine output / 24 hours
Urine osmolality = 2 (Na
24 hours Urine osmolality ... /18 HIGH urine osmolality ... Azotemia LOW urine osmolality
Hyponatremia Differential Diagnosis Algorithm - Utilizing Uric Acid 
ADH promotes Urea/uric acid excretion along with water
retention 1) Serum Osmolarity ... 2) Urine Osmolarity
Hyponatremia (<135 mEq/L) is a common electrolyte abnormality caused by an excess of total body water
Measuring the serum osmolality ... concentration and urine osmolality ... fall in serum osmolality ... detect the plasma osmolality ... Thiazides #UNAa #osmolality