74 results
Causes of Hypocalcemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
 • Extravascular: Pancreatitis, surgery, acute phosphate intake and renal
renal failure, Osteoblastic ... contrast agents • Hypomagnesemia
Causes of Hypomagnesemia
Redistribution:
 - IV glucose
 - Correction of diabetic ketoacidosis
 - IV hyperalimentation
 - Refeeding
Causes of Hypomagnesemia ... syndrome) - Osteoblastic ... aldosteronism #Hypomagnesemia
Causes of Hypomagnesemia
 • Redistribution: IV glucose, Correction of diabetic ketoacidosis, IV hyperalimentation, Refeeding after starvation,
Causes of Hypomagnesemia ... bone syndrome), Osteoblastic ... aldosteronism #Hypomagnesemia
Bone resorption and the relationship between osteoblasts and osteoclasts.  
RANK is expressed on the osteoclasts,
relationship between osteoblasts ... and osteoclasts ... expressed on the osteoclasts ... RANK stimulates osteoclast ... #Osteoclasts #Bone
Glucocorticoid-Induced Osteoporosis: Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings

 • Negative feedback on hypothalamus/pituitary, Decreasing ACTH -> Decr Sex
production of osteoblasts ... and GF's -> Osteoblasts ... expression of osteoclasts ... -> Incr Osteoclasts
Differential Diagnosis of Hypo and Hypermagnesemia #Diagnosis #EM #IM #Differential #Hypormagnesemia #Hypermagnesemia #Ddxof
Diagnosis of Hypo and Hypermagnesemia ... #Differential #Hypormagnesemia ... #Hypermagnesemia
Malignant Bone Tumors: Pathogenesis of X-ray appearance

 • Metastatic bone tumors (aka. cancerous cells from systemic
cells activate osteoblasts ... more than osteoclasts ... activate largely osteoclasts
Hypomagnesemia - Differential Diagnosis
Renal Causes of Hypomagnesemia - Familial:
Bartter syndrome and Gitelman syndrome, Isolated recessive hypomagnesemia,
Hypomagnesemia - ... Renal Causes of Hypomagnesemia ... Isolated recessive hypomagnesemia ... , Familial hypomagnesemia ... Mitochondrial hypomagnesemia
Reflex Testing - Causes of Hyporeflexia and Hyperreflexia
Focal Hyporeflexia: 
 • Radiculopathy, Mononeuropathy, Polyneuropathy, Acute stroke,
Hypercalcemia, Hypermagnesemia ... Hypocalcemia, Hypomagnesemia
Hypomagnesemia (Serum level < 1.7 mg/dL)
Neuromuscular manifestations 
 • Tremor, tetany, seizures 
 • Weakness
Hypomagnesemia ( ... calcitriol #Hypomagnesemia