10 results
Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Extra-renal Losses:
 • Normal Acid-Base: Low intake
 • Metabolic acidosis: Gl tract
Hypokalemia - Differential ... Diagnosis Algorithm ... and distal RTA, ... Syndrome • HTN, High ... #causes #potassium
Causes of High-anion Gap and Non-anion Gap Metabolic Acidosis
Causes of High-anion Gap Acidosis:
 • Lactic acidosis
Causes of High-anion ... of High-anion Gap ... Potassium-sparing ... #NonGap #Metabolic ... #Acidosis #differential
Hypokalemia Evaluation Algorithm

Before evaluating hypokalemia, life threatening complications such as arrhythmias and paralysis should be looked
Algorithm Before ... urinary losses: • High ... acidosis: Proximal ... #differential # ... #low
Causes of Non-Gap Metabolic Acidosis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Normal Anion Gap (<14) (Loss of Bicarbonate) -
Causes of Non-Gap Metabolic ... Acidosis - Differential ... Diagnosis Algorithm ... Cell Problem - Low ... MetabolicAcidosis #NonGap
Algorithm for patients with hypokalemia on the basis of the potassium-to-creatinine ratio in the urine
Urine K+
Algorithm for patients ... the basis of the potassium-to-creatinine ... #urine #potassium ... #differential # ... algorithm #diagnosis
Metabolic Alkalosis - Urinary Chloride Algorithm
Cl- responsive metabolic alkalosis
 • Kidney loss of Cl-
Urinary Chloride Algorithm ... alkalosis • Normal/low ... acidosis, a high ... of sodium and potassium ... #nephrology #differential
Hyperkalemia - Differential Diagnosis Framework

PseudoHyperkalemia:
 • Lab error
 • Traumatic venipuncture
 • Hemolysis, thrombocytosis, leukocytosis
 •
Hyperkalemia - Differential ... phlebotomy High ... infusions) - Metabolic ... acidosis - Hyperkalemia ... SLE • Type IV RTA
Hyperkalemia - Differential Diagnosis Framework

PseudoHyperkalemia:
 • Lab error
 • Traumatic venipuncture
 • Hemolysis, thrombocytosis, leukocytosis
 •
Hyperkalemia - Differential ... phlebotomy High ... infusions) - Metabolic ... acidosis - Hyperkalemia ... #differential #
Causes of Hyperkalemia - Differential Diagnosis Framework
 • Cellular Shift:
   - Exercise
- Differential ... Exercise - Metabolic ... Acidosis - ... Diagnosis #Causes #potassium ... #high
Gitelman Syndrome Overview

What?
• Inherited (AR) hypokalemic salt-losing tubulopathies affecting the thiazide-sensitive sodium chloride cotransporter
• Gitelman's syndrome
alkalosis • Normal or low ... (renal potassium ... ratio 0.5%) Differential ... Renal tubular acidosis ... (RTA)) • Refeeding