21 results
Hypochloremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Cause - Decreased Intake:
 • Low salt in diet
 • Exclusive D5W
Hypochloremia - Differential ... Diagnosis Algorithm ... Intake: • Low ... may cause metabolic ... Pathophysiology #Nephrology
Primary Metabolic Alkalosis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Volume Depleted - 2° hyperaldosteronism
 • Low Urine Cl-: Vomiting,
Primary Metabolic ... Urine Cl-: Vomiting ... Cl intake, Diuretics ... • High Urine Cl ... #Nephrology #Causes
Primary Metabolic Alkalosis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Volume Depleted 2° hyperaldosteronism
 • Low Urine Cl-: Vomiting, NGT
Primary Metabolic ... Urine Cl-: Vomiting ... Cl intake, Diuretics ... • High Urine Cl ... #nephrology
Hypokalemia Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Hypertensive:
 • High Al, Low R - Primary aldosteronism
 • High Al, High
Diagnosis Algorithm ... Al, Low R - Pseudo-hyperaldosteronism ... Normotensive: • UCl ... Post-hypercapnia • UCl ... #nephrology #causes
Metabolic Alkalosis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm - Urinary Chloride
 • Cl- responsive metabolic alkalosis
Urinary Chloride • Cl ... Kidney loss of Cl ... - Loss of Cl ... - Normal/low ... #causes #urinary
Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Extra-renal Losses:
 • Normal Acid-Base: Low intake
 • Metabolic acidosis: Gl tract
Diagnosis Algorithm ... • Normal Acid-Base ... Metabolic acidosis ... #causes #potassium ... #low #nephrology
Metabolic Alkalosis - Urinary Chloride Algorithm
Cl- responsive metabolic alkalosis
 • Kidney loss of Cl-
Cl- responsive ... Kidney loss of Cl ... alkalosis • Loss of Cl ... Cystic fibrosis Cl ... #nephrology #differential
Mucoid Degeneration of the ACL
Imaging Findings:
 • T2-hyperintense fluid-signal within the enlarged ACL on both the
Degeneration of the ACL ... Case description ... enlarged with low-signal ... Differential Diagnosis ... Radiology #diagnosis #msk
Primary Metabolic Alkalosis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Volume Depleted - 2° hyperaldosteronism
 • Low Urine Cl-: Vomiting,
Primary Metabolic ... Urine Cl-: Vomiting ... Cl intake, Diuretics ... • High Urine Cl ... #Nephrology #Causes
Acid Base Disorders - Blood Gas Interpretation

Steps for Blood Gas Interpretation: 
1. Acidemia or Alkalemia? 
2.
Acid Base Disorders ... Differentials? ... (AG) = {Na - (Cl ... Diagnosis #Summary #Nephrology ... bloodgas #Acid #Base