33 results
Effects of Strokes by Location - Anterior vs Posterior Localization

Anterior Circulation 
 - MCA 
 -
Effects of Strokes ... - MCA - ACA ... - AICA - PCA ... #Localization #Effects ... #Table #Territories
Diuretic Electrolyte Excretion Effects 
Diuresis, Na+, K+, Mg2+, Ca2+, Cl-, HCO3-, Uric Acid
 - Thiazide Type
Electrolyte Excretion Effects ... +, Mg2+, Ca2+, Cl ... #electrolytes #effects ... #pharmacology # ... comparison #table
Inherited Defects in Kidney Tubule Epithelial Cells

Renal glucosuria - Na+-dependent glucose cotransporter
Cystinuria - Amino acid transporter
Bartter
syndrome - Na-K-2Cl ... cotransporter, K channel, Cl ... barrtin (recruits Cl ... Thiazide-sensitive Na—Cl ... #Differential #Table
Major Segments of the Nephron and their Functions 
 - Glomerulus - Formation of glomerular filtrate
filtered Na+/K+/Cl ... filtered Na+ and Cl ... Segments #Function #Pathophysiology ... #Tubules #Table ... #Pharmacology
Common Vasopressors and Inotropes
Norepinephrine (NE)
 - Indication: Distributive shock (1st line for septic shock), Cardiogenic shock
mild ↑CO) - Side effects ... Bradyarrhythmias, Some cases ... Can be used in all ... Inotropes #comparison #table ... #pharmacology #
Hypochloremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Cause - Decreased Intake:
 • Low salt in diet
 • Exclusive D5W
Diagnosis Algorithm Cause ... intoxication Cause ... pressure: - Cl ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #Pathophysiology ... #Nephrology #Chloride
Anticonvulsants as Mood Stabilizers: Mechanism and Side-effect
Examples: Valproate, Carbamazepine, Lamotrigine
 • Mild anticholinergic effect -> Drowsiness
Mechanism and Side-effect ... , asthenia • Neurologic ... -> Nausea, vomiting ... #SideEffects #Pathophysiology ... #Psychiatry #Pharmacology
Pituitary Mass Effects - Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings
 • Pituitary turnors are almost always a benign
Pituitary Mass Effects ... adenomas that require treatment ... of all sizes, it ... FSH, TSH, ACTH, PRL ... mnemonic #GLFTAP #pathophysiology
Orthopedic Essentials - Spinal Trauma and Spine Classification 
DENIS THREE COLUMN CONCEPT
Anterior column:
Anterior column: AAL ... fractures: Don't cause ... spinal deformity or neurologic ... deficit, still able ... Cauda equina Treatment
Management of SIADH
Treat underlying cause:
 • Causes can include pain, primary lung pathology, post-operative phenomenon, medications,
: • Causes can ... Start with 1g NaCl ... Has many side effects ... #hyponatremia #nephrology ... #treatment