15 results
CNS Infection in HIV / AIDS - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Principles of HIV-Associated CNS Opportunistic Infections:
 •
HIV / AIDS - Differential ... #Infections #differential ... #diagnosis #AIDS ... opportunistic #InfectiousDiseases ... #Neurology
Pulmonary Infections in HIV-AIDS
Bacterial: 
 • No organism identified, Strep pneumoniae, H. influenzae, S.aureus, Streptococcus Grp
Pulmonary Infections ... in HIV-AIDS Bacterial ... failure, COPD, Lung ... Evaluation: Imaging (CXR ... diagnosis #evaluation #differential
ARDS/VALI progression over the course of 1 week 
 (a) Day 1 - No pathological findings.
) Day 2 - some pulmonary ... involvement, with “white lung ... structures help in the differential ... diagnosis of pulmonary ... Clinical #Radiology #CXR
CNS Ring-Enhancing Lesions - Immunocompromised vs Immunocompetent
Multiple Ring-Enhancing Lesions:
 • Toxoplasmosis (CD4 < 100)
 • Other
CNS Ring-Enhancing ... PCR 50% sensitive ... lesions • 80% with lung ... Lesions #Brain #differential ... causes #radiology #neurology
Approach to the A-a Gradient
A-a gradient = PAO2 - PaO2
A-a gradient = [FiO2 x (Patm -
Hypoventilation: CNS ... : Atelectasis, ARDS ... Embolism, Obstructive Lung ... , Interstitial Lung ... Hypoxia #hypoxemia #differential
Cytomegalovirus (CMV) in HIV-AIDS Patients
Cytomegalovirus (CMV): double-stranded DNA virus, herpesvirus family.
CMV infection: virus isolation or detection
Cytomegalovirus (CMV) in HIV-AIDS ... : Quantitative PCR ... 50 or less: • Neurologic ... Pancreatitis • Pulmonary ... #diagnosis #differential
Noncardiogenic Pulmonary Edema - Differential Diagnosis Framework

NCPE Pathophysiology:
Noncardiogenic pulmonary edema occurs because of excessive pulmonary capillary
Edema - Differential ... ischemic changes CXR ... distress syndrome (ARDS ... Transfusion-related acute lung ... #edema #NCPE #differential
AIDS-defining illnesses
 - Candidiasis of the esophagus, bronchi, trachea, or lungs [(but NOT the mouth (thrush)]
AIDS-defining illnesses ... bronchi, trachea, or lungs ... tuberculosis, any site (pulmonary ... Illnesses #HIV #InfectiousDiseases ... Diagnosis #List #Differential
Lung Abscess - Diagnosis and Management Summary

Lung Abscess Etiology:
 • Necrosis of lung parenchyma by a
Blood cultures • CXR ... early disease) • CXR ... Abscess Differential ... #Abscess #pulmonary ... #differential #
Lung Infections in HIV - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Disease by CD4 Count:
Any CD4 Count:
 • Mycobacterium tuberculosis,
in HIV - Differential ... Lymphadenopathy, CNS ... Infections #HIV #AIDS ... #pulmonary #differential ... #diagnosis #infectiousdiseases