10 results
Cauda Equina Syndrome Overview

Cauda Equina Syndrome:
 • Prevalence: 1:33,000-100,000 ppl/yr
 • Incidence: 1.5-3.4 million ppl/yr
 •
Cauda Equina Syndrome ... syndrome (CES) ... cord infarct • HIV ... Imaging studies: • MRI ... #diagnosis #causes
Cauda Equina Syndrome
Causes:
 • Large lumbar degenerative disc herniation (central)
 • Severe lumbar spondylosis
 • Neoplasm
Cauda Equina Syndrome ... Causes: • Large ... #CaudaEquina #Syndrome ... #MSK #pathophysiology ... #diagnosis #symptoms
CNS Infection in HIV / AIDS - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Principles of HIV-Associated CNS Opportunistic Infections:
 •
HIV / AIDS - Differential ... should be based ... Imaging: - MRI ... Demyelinating disease caused ... #AIDS #opportunistic
HIV-Associated Neurocognitive Disorder (HAND)

Definition:
HIV-Associated Neurocognitive disorders categories:
• Asymptomatic neurocognitive impairment
• Mild neurocognitive impairment
• HIV dementia

Pathophysiology:
HIV frequently
dementia Pathophysiology ... and infects the CNS ... Diagnosis: MRI ... The clinical syndrome ... disorder #dementia #AIDS
Guillain-Barre Syndrome - Summary

Acute AIDP that presents with rapidly progressive flaccid weakness

Epidemiology:
 • 1-2 cases/100,000 per
Summary Acute AIDP ... Guillain-Barre Pathophysiology ... Campylobacter jejuni - HIV ... axonal form • MRI ... roots and cauda equina
Lung Infections in HIV - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Disease by CD4 Count:
Any CD4 Count:
 • Mycobacterium tuberculosis,
- Differential Diagnosis ... Lymphadenopathy, CNS ... factor • May cause ... Rhodococcus Equi ... #AIDS #pulmonary
Transverse Myelitis Overview

Focal inflammatory disorder of the spinal cord resulting in rapid onset of weakness, sensory
monophasic Pathophysiology ... that results in CNS ... negative, MOG-IgG test ... should be ordered ... simplex virus, HIV
Hearing Loss - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Hearing Loss Types:
• Conductive
• Sensorineural
• Mixed
Presbycusis is the most common type
- Differential Diagnosis ... The evaluation should ... auditory nerve (CN ... II ○ Susac’s syndrome ... zoster virus ○ HIV
Guillain-Barré Syndrome (GBS)
Acute autoimmune demyelinating polyradiculoneuropathy that presents with rapidly progressive flaccid weakness
Epidemiology:
 • Incidence: 1
Guillain-Barré Syndrome ... immunodeficiency virus (HIV ... and sensitive tests ... the underlying pathophysiology ... roots and cauda equina
Immune Reconstitution Inflammatory Syndrome - Overview of IRIS

What Is IRIS?
	• A state of hyperinflammatory response that
Reconstitution Inflammatory Syndrome ... /AIDS patients ... be present: • AIDS ... pleural effusions, CNS ... #Inflammatory #Syndrome