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neurology management differential acromegaly aids associated barre cauda clinical dementia dislocation disorder encephalopathy endocrinology equina gbs guillain hand hearing injury
Cauda Equina Syndrome Causes: • Large lumbar degenerative disc herniation (central) • Severe lumbar spondylosis • Neoplasm
Causes: • Large ... suspected, immediate MRI ... #CaudaEquina #Syndrome ... #MSK #pathophysiology ... #diagnosis #symptoms
Cauda Equina Syndrome Overview Cauda Equina Syndrome: • Prevalence: 1:33,000-100,000 ppl/yr • Incidence: 1.5-3.4 million ppl/yr •
- Emergency Causes ... cord infarct • HIV ... perineum, and posterior ... Imaging studies: • MRI ... decompression #CaudaEquina
HIV-Associated Neurocognitive Disorder (HAND) Definition: HIV-Associated Neurocognitive disorders categories: • Asymptomatic neurocognitive impairment • Mild neurocognitive impairment • HIV dementia Pathophysiology: HIV frequently
dementia Pathophysiology ... , but MRI will show ... Diagnosis: MRI ... white matter and posterior ... The clinical syndrome
Posterior Reversible Encephalopathy Syndrome (PRES) Overview Clinico-Radiological Syndrome, characterized by: • Headache • Seizures • Altered mental
Etiology: • Pathophysiology ... Vascular narrowing on MRA ... count in the CSF should ... the underlying cause ... with AEDs until cause
Transverse Myelitis Overview Focal inflammatory disorder of the spinal cord resulting in rapid onset of weakness, sensory
monophasic Pathophysiology ... NMO-IgG (anti-AQP4) should ... negative, MOG-IgG test ... should be ordered ... simplex virus, HIV
Hearing Loss - Differential Diagnosis Framework Hearing Loss Types: • Conductive • Sensorineural • Mixed Presbycusis is the most common type
- Differential Diagnosis ... The evaluation should ... II ○ Susac’s syndrome ... Noise trauma ○ MS ... zoster virus ○ HIV
Acromegaly - Diagnosis and Management Summary - GrepMed Handbook Clinical Presentation: • Classic Acromegaly: frontal
malignancy Pathophysiology ... Beckwith Wiedemann syndrome ... glucose suppression test ... • Pituitary MRI ... or refractory cases
Guillain-Barré Syndrome (GBS) Acute autoimmune demyelinating polyradiculoneuropathy that presents with rapidly progressive flaccid weakness Epidemiology: • Incidence: 1
Guillain-Barré Syndrome ... Incidence: 1 to 2 cases ... immunodeficiency virus (HIV ... and sensitive tests ... the underlying pathophysiology
Posterior Knee Dislocation Injury Specifically, POSTERIOR KNEE DISLOCATIONS can have significant associated injury that needs unique approach
: ~25% cases. ... nerve injury (25%) TEST ... Check hip and ankle ... -->>>> LINK TO ACL ... #Injury #msk #clinical
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