13 results
Tuberculosis Overview

10 million new M. tuberculosis infections/year
Facultative intracellular rod-shaped bacteria
Multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) accounts for 4.6% of
tuberculosis (LTBI) Pathophysiology ... Tuberculin skin test ... staining, NAA (PCR ... patients should ... #Diagnosis #Management
Tuberculosis Overview

10 million new M. tuberculosis infections/year
Facultative intracellular rod-shaped bacteria
Multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) accounts for 4.6% of
tuberculosis (LTBI) Pathophysiology ... Tuberculin skin test ... staining, NAA (PCR ... patients should ... #Diagnosis #Management
Cytomegalovirus (CMV) in HIV-AIDS Patients
Cytomegalovirus (CMV): double-stranded DNA virus, herpesvirus family.
CMV infection: virus isolation or detection
of symptoms or signs ... PCR and CMV pp65 ... antigenemia test ... Retinitis (Most common cause ... association with PJP/TB
Pott's Disease in Tuberculosis - Diagnosis and Management Summary
Epidemiology:
 - Typically from TB endemic areas
 -
Pott's Disease in ... extrapulmonary cases ... Clinical Signs ... decreased reflexes Pathophysiology ... damage - CXR should
Adhesive Capsulitis (Frozen Shoulder) - Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings

 • Primary (Idiopathic): Unknown etiology, but associated
mellitus, thyroid disease ... a stroke that caused ... #diagnosis #symptoms ... #signs #stages ... #staging #msk
Bronchiectasis - Summary

What?
• Bronchiectasis is derived from the Greek words bronckos meaning airway and ectasis meaning
Chronic inflammation causes ... Most Common Causes ... • Infection: TB ... Nasal polyps and signs ... , CCP, ANCA • HIV
Lung Abscess - Diagnosis and Management Summary

Lung Abscess Etiology:
 • Necrosis of lung parenchyma by a
• Most common cause ... Lung Abscess Pathophysiology ... of PCN allergy ... westermani • Other: TB ... #differential #causes
Transverse Myelitis Overview

Focal inflammatory disorder of the spinal cord resulting in rapid onset of weakness, sensory
• Bilateral signs ... negative, MOG-IgG test ... • Infectious causes ... simplex virus, HIV ... , Hep A/B/CMV, TB
Hearing Loss - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Hearing Loss Types:
• Conductive
• Sensorineural
• Mixed
Presbycusis is the most common type
- Differential Diagnosis ... The evaluation should ... Noise trauma ○ MS ... zoster virus ○ HIV ... ○ Lyme disease
Immune Reconstitution Inflammatory Syndrome - Overview of IRIS

What Is IRIS?
	• A state of hyperinflammatory response that
of treatment of HIV ... worsening of that disease ... a decrease in HIV ... pericarditis, peritoneal disease ... leukoencephalopathy (PML