92 results
Hypoxia and Hypoxemia - Overview
Hypoxia - insufficient oxygen delivered to tissues to meet demands
Hypoxemia - low
demands Hypoxemia - low ... blood (measured on ABG ... SvO2 → Low PaO2 ... → Low PaO2 CYTOPATHIC ... summary #pulmonary #differential
Acid Base Disorders - Blood Gas Interpretation

Steps for Blood Gas Interpretation: 
1. Acidemia or Alkalemia? 
2.
Differentials? ... Metabolic: pH pCO2 ... Diagnosis #Summary #Nephrology ... #ABG #bloodgas ... #differential
Approach to the A-a Gradient
A-a gradient = PAO2 - PaO2
A-a gradient = [FiO2 x (Patm -
A-a gradient = PAO2 ... - PaO2 A-a gradient ... flail chest) • Low ... , Low Fio2 A-a ... Hypoxia #hypoxemia #differential
Approach to Acid Base Disorders - Evaluation and Differential Diagnosis
1) Start with the Anion Gap (AG).
2)
Evaluation and Differential ... 3) Now, look at ... Do you need an ABG ... and ~5 mmHg to pCO2 ... Differential Diagnosis
Severe Asthma Exacerbation
Signs of a Severe Asthma Exacerbation:
 • Vitals: ↑HR ↑RR ↓SpO2
 • High work
wheezing OR poor air flow ... • ABG: - ... High pCO2 / low ... Abnormally normal ABG ... breathing • Peak flow
Normal Anion-Gap Acidosis (NAGMA) - Differential Diagnosis Framework and Workup

NAGMA
- Chem, ABG or VBG
- Calculate Anion
Acidosis (NAGMA) - Differential ... NAGMA - Chem, ABG ... • Serum K: low ... Metabolic #NAGMA #Differential ... Diagnosis #Workup #nephrology
Approach to Selecting Respiratory Support:
-The role of noninvasive respiratory support is generally to reduce the patient's
normalize the ABG ... than monitoring ABG ... failure), not the ABG ... never be used to “blow ... off” CO2 in a patient
Hypoxemia vs Hypoxia
Hypoxemia - Partial pressure of arterial oxygen (PaO2) is below normal
Hypoxia - Insufficient oxygen
arterial oxygen (PaO2 ... compensate for low ... PaO2 Hypoxia without ... hypoxia #hypoxemia #differential
Oxygen Delivery by Device

Nasal Cannula 
• Indicated for low-flow, low-percentage supplemental oxygen. 
• Flow rate of
Indicated for low-flow ... , low-percentage ... • Flow rate of ... permit exhaled CO2 ... use of reservoir bag
Hyperacute Hypoxemia - Workup and Management
Differential Diagnosis: Aspiration, Flash Pulmonary Edema, Mucous Plugging, Bronchospasm, Pulmonary Embolism,
and Management Differential ... BNP, Troponin), ABG ... Oxygen Therapy: • Low ... Flow • Reservoir ... • High Flow