82 results
Acid-Base Disorders - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Acidemia (pH < 7.35)
 • Metabolic Acidosis (HCO3 < 24mmol/L) CO2
HCO3 < 24mmol/L) CO2 ... Respiratory Acidosis (pCO2 ... Respiratory Alkalosis (pCO2 ... < 35 mmHg) #AcidBase ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #Causes
Approach to the A-a Gradient
A-a gradient = PAO2 - PaO2
A-a gradient = [FiO2 x (Patm -
A-a gradient = PAO2 ... - PaO2 A-a gradient ... Weakness, Loss of Chest ... Elasticity (flail chest ... : Atelectasis, ARDS
Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome – ARDS: Clinical Cheat Sheet

An acute diffuse, inflammatory lung injury, leading to
Acute Respiratory ... Distress Syndrome – ARDS ... on CT or CXR ● PaO2 ... there is no clear cause ... the underlying cause
Berlin Criteria for Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS) 
- Respiratory symptoms must have begun within one
Berlin Criteria for Acute ... Distress Syndrome (ARDS ... be present on a chest ... severity of the ARDS ... #Acute #Respiratory
Understanding & Treating ARDS - Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome

•  Timing - within one week of
Understanding & Treating ARDS ... - Acute Respiratory ... Impaired Oxygenation PaO2 ... @nickmmark #ARDS ... Respiratory #Distress #Acute
Acid Base Disorders - Blood Gas Interpretation

Steps for Blood Gas Interpretation: 
1. Acidemia or Alkalemia? 
2.
Acute or chronic ... 35-45 mmHg • PaO2 ... Metabolic: pH pCO2 ... Compensation, Acute ... MDaniyalHashmi1 #AcidBase
Acid-Base Disorders - Expected Compensation Equations

Metabolic Acidosis:
 • pCO2 = 1.5 x HCO3 + 8 ±
Acidosis: • pCO2 ... ∆ HCO3 ↓ 1 → ∆ pCO2 ... Acidosis: • Acute ... Alkalosis: • Acute ... #Acid #Base #AcidBase
Causes of Chronic Dyspnea - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Pericardial
 • Effusion
 • Cardiac Tamponade*
 • Constriction
Myocardial
 •
Causes of Chronic ... Stable Angina • Acute ... Chest Wall Abnormalities ... Pneumonia • ARDS ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #Causes
Interstitial pneumonias
An acute reticular pattern is most frequently caused by interstitial edema due to cardiac heart
pneumonias An acute ... most frequently caused ... The other cause ... manifestation of AIDS ... Radiology #CXR #Acute
Causes of Gallbladder Wall Thickening
Primary Wall Thickening:
1 . Acute calculous cholecystitis
2. Acute acalculous cholecystitis
3. Chronic cholecystitis
4.
Causes of Gallbladder ... Acute calculous ... Acute acalculous ... mononucleosis, AIDS ... Wall #Thickening #Causes