50 results
Acid-Base Disorders - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Acidemia (pH < 7.35)
 • Metabolic Acidosis (HCO3 < 24mmol/L) CO2
• Metabolic Acidosis ... • Respiratory Acidosis ... (pCO2 > 40 mmHg ... Respiratory Alkalosis (pCO2 ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #Causes
Acid Base Disorders - Blood Gas Interpretation

Steps for Blood Gas Interpretation: 
1. Acidemia or Alkalemia? 
2.
7.35-7.45 • PaCO2 ... 35-45 mmHg • PaO2 ... Metabolic: pH pCO2 ... - Rapid saline infusion ... Acetazolamide Causes
Hypoxemic Respiratory Failure - Differential Diagnosis Framework
DECREASED INSPIRED OXYGEN
 • Low PATM Can decrease first part
average settings • Causes ... HYPOVENTILATION • Rising PaCO2 ... gas equation • Causes ... • Most common cause ... to hypoxemia • Causes
Causes of Chronic Dyspnea - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Pericardial
 • Effusion
 • Cardiac Tamponade*
 • Constriction
Myocardial
 •
Causes of Chronic ... Pericardial • Effusion ... Abnormalities • Pleural Effusions ... • Metabolic Acidosis ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #Causes
Tachypnea - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Definitions
 • Tachypnea: Respiratory rate > 20/min, shallow breathing in adults
 •
PVFM) Cardiac Causes ... • Pericardial effusion ... • Metabolic acidosis ... exposures • Lactic acidosis ... of any cause
#ICUCard
RENAL
GFR
90-131
mL/min
((140-age)*Wt)/(72*Cr)
Glomerular Filtration Rate (Cockcroft)
CI Cr
90-131
mL/min
(CrU * volume)/CrS
Creatinine Clearance
FENa
0.0-1.0
%
((U/P Na)/(U/P Cr))*100
Fractional Excretion of Na+
Na req
mEq
(125-Na)*0.6*Wt
Required Sodium
FE Urea
HCO3d-HCO3m) Metabolic Acidosis ... ІнСО3 → /PCO2 ... pCO2 = 1.5 (HCO3 ... pCO2 = 0.9 (HCO3 ... 9 Respiratory Acidosis
Dyspnea - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Cardiovascular Causes of Dyspnea:
 • Myocardium:
	- Heart failure
	- CAD/ACS
	- Valvulopathy
 • Electrical:
	-
Cardiovascular Causes ... Tamponade Pulmonary Causes ... • Pleura: - Effusion ... syndrome Other Causes ... Additional: - Acidosis
Causes of Lactate Elevation, Lactic Acidosis - Differential Diagnosis

The most common causes of hyperlactatemia are usually:
Elevation, Lactic Acidosis ... / hypoxemia -> focus ... on improving perfusion ... Reduced tissue perfusion ... - Hypoxemia (PaO2
Causes of Dyspnea - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Cardiac:
 • Dysrhythmia
 • Ischemia
 • Cardiomyopathy
 • Valvular disease
Causes of Dyspnea ... Pleura: • Pleural effusion ... • Metabolic acidosis ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #Causes
Weaning from the Ventilator - Algorithm
Setting up for extubation success
 • Decrease demand — correct metabolic
correct metabolic acidosis ... , decrease CO2 production ... draining pleural effusions