49 results
Approach to the A-a Gradient
A-a gradient = PAO2 - PaO2
A-a gradient = [FiO2 x (Patm -
A-a gradient = PAO2 ... - PaO2 A-a gradient ... (Patm - 47) - (PaCO2 ... Disease and more • Diffusion ... Hypoxia #hypoxemia #differential
#ICUCard
RENAL
GFR
90-131
mL/min
((140-age)*Wt)/(72*Cr)
Glomerular Filtration Rate (Cockcroft)
CI Cr
90-131
mL/min
(CrU * volume)/CrS
Creatinine Clearance
FENa
0.0-1.0
%
((U/P Na)/(U/P Cr))*100
Fractional Excretion of Na+
Na req
mEq
(125-Na)*0.6*Wt
Required Sodium
FE Urea
ТРСО2 → Тнсоз acute ... → ІнСО3 acute: ... for each 10 - in pCO2 ... pk + log (HCO3/(PCO2 ... > 50mmHg (acute
Acid Base Disorders - Blood Gas Interpretation

Steps for Blood Gas Interpretation: 
1. Acidemia or Alkalemia? 
2.
Acute or chronic ... Differentials? ... Metabolic: pH pCO2 ... Compensation, Acute ... - Rapid saline infusion
Radiographic Features of Pulmonary Diseases
 - Pneumonia
 - Atelectasis
 - Emphysema
 - Pneumothorax
 - Effusion
 -
Pneumothorax - Effusion ... - Nodular - Acute ... Pulmonary Embolism - Acute ... XRay #ChestCT #Differential
Berlin Criteria for Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS) 
- Respiratory symptoms must have begun within one
Berlin Criteria for Acute ... explained by pleural effusions ... - 200 mm Hg < PaO2 ... - 100 mm Hg < PaO2 ... H2O #ARDS #Acute
Causes of Knee Effusions - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Knee Effusion Red Flags:
1. Fever/Chills/Joint pain/Night sweats/Weight loss
	- DDX:
		-
Causes of Knee Effusions ... - Differential ... Framework Knee Effusion ... Reactive Syndrome - Acute ... #causes #differential
Hemorrhagic Pericardial Effusions (Hemopericardium)- Differential Diagnosis Framework

IATROGENIC DISEASE
Secondary to invasive cardiac procedures

NONIATROGENIC
• Malignancy (e.g., metastatic spread:
Hemorrhagic Pericardial Effusions ... Hemopericardium)- Differential ... Complications of acute ... #Pericardial #Effusion ... Hemopericardium #Differential
Acute and Chronic Causes of Dyspnea - Differential Diagnosis
Pulmonary/Chest Wall:
 • Acute: Trauma, COPD exacerbation, Asthma
Acute and Chronic ... Causes of Dyspnea - Differential ... flare, Pleural effusion ... Tumor, Pleural effusion ... Chronic #Causes #Differential
Hypoxemic Respiratory Failure - Differential Diagnosis Framework
DECREASED INSPIRED OXYGEN
 • Low PATM Can decrease first part
Respiratory Failure - Differential ... HYPOVENTILATION • Rising PaCO2 ... syndrome, OSA DIFFUSION ... of reversible diffusion ... Failure #hypoxia #Differential
Causes of Chronic Dyspnea - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Pericardial
 • Effusion
 • Cardiac Tamponade*
 • Constriction
Myocardial
 •
Chronic Dyspnea - Differential ... Pericardial • Effusion ... Stable Angina • Acute ... Abnormalities • Pleural Effusions ... #Dyspnea #SOB #Differential