359 results
Acid-Base Disorders - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Acidemia (pH < 7.35)
 • Metabolic Acidosis (HCO3 < 24mmol/L) CO2
- Differential Diagnosis ... Algorithm Acidemia ... Respiratory Alkalosis (pCO2 ... #Differential #Diagnosis ... #Algorithm #Causes
Approach to the A-a Gradient
A-a gradient = PAO2 - PaO2
A-a gradient = [FiO2 x (Patm -
Intracardiac, Pulmonary ... V/Q Mismatch: Pulmonary ... , Atelectasis, Pulmonary ... Diffusion Defect: Pulmonary ... #differential #diagnosis
Capnography
Measurement of exhaled carbon dioxide can be used to confirm ETT placement, for safer procedural sedation,
monitor cardiac & pulmonary ... • PvCO2 - Mixed ... venous CO2 • ... waveforms #patterns #diagnosis ... #pulmonary #ETCO2
Acid Base and Blood Gas Analysis
1. pH - What’s the primary disturbance?
2. pCO2 - What’s the
2. pCO2 - What’s ... the pCO2? ... Medications, Central, ↑ CO2 ... acidbase #workup #algorithm ... #diagnosis #acidosis
Hypoxia and Hypoxemia - Overview
Hypoxia - insufficient oxygen delivered to tissues to meet demands
Hypoxemia - low
type of hypoxia) PIO2 ... O2 is inspired) PAO2 ... Low SvO2 → Low PaO2 ... Hypoxemia #summary #pulmonary ... #differential #diagnosis
Hypereosinophilia and Hypereosinophilic Syndrome

 • Secondary Hypereosinophilic Syndrome
 • Clinically Relevant HES Variants
 • When to
disorders • Diagnosis ... and Treatment Algorithm ... Syndrome #HES #Hematology ... #eosinophils #diagnosis ... #management #algorithm
Causes of Neutropenia with Pancytopenia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Sequestration:
 • Splenomegaly
Marrow Infiltration:
 • Hematologic and non-hematologic
- Differential Diagnosis ... Algorithm Sequestration ... #Differential #Diagnosis ... #Algorithm #Causes ... #Hematology
Basics of Waveform Capnography
Waveform capnography assesses ventilation by monitoring exhaled carbon dioxide
Can use measurement and morphology
data regarding pulmonary ... Assessing for CO2 ... output state - Pulmonary ... interpretation #patterns #diagnosis ... #pulmonary
Causes of Thrombocytosis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Spurious:
 • Artifact (redo CBC)
Autonomous:
 • Essential thrombocytosis
 • Polycythemia
- Differential Diagnosis ... Algorithm Spurious ... #Differential #Diagnosis ... #Algorithm #Causes ... #Hematology
Approach to Leukocytosis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Features of hematologic malignancy:
 • Symptoms: B-symptoms, bruising/bleeding, fatigue/weakness, immunosuppression
- Differential Diagnosis ... Algorithm Features ... of hematologic ... #Differential #Diagnosis ... #Algorithm #hematology