22 results
Acid-Base Disorders - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Acidemia (pH < 7.35)
 • Metabolic Acidosis (HCO3 < 24mmol/L) CO2
Acid-Base Disorders ... Respiratory Acidosis (pCO2 ... < 35 mmHg) #AcidBase ... #Disorders #Differential ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #Causes
PLACO Mnemonic - Approach to Acid-Base Disorders
P - Determine the pH
L - Labs: PCO2 & HCO3
A
Approach to Acid-Base Disorders ... pH L - Labs: PCO2 ... jadav_md #PLACO #AcidBase
Headache Differential - Primary vs Secondary
A vast number of diseases can cause a headache. We divide
of diseases can cause ... headache is the disorder ... headaches are caused ... various exogenous disorders ... Primary #Secondary #Table
Causes of Secondary Amenorrhea - Differential Diagnosis
 • Pregnancy
 • Endocrinopathies: PCOS, Hypothyroidism
 • HPA Dysfunction:
Causes of Secondary ... Endocrinopathies: PCOS ... exercise, Eating disorder ... Differential #Diagnosis #Causes
Causes of Cough and Hemoptysis
Acute Inflammation 
 - Laryngitis 
 - Tracheobronchitis 
 - Mycoplasma and
Causes of Cough ... Cardiovascular Disorders ... , Chemicals, Gases ... #Differential #Causes ... #Table
Creatine Kinase - Causes of Elevated CK Levels
Acute CK Elevation (Pain > Weakness):
 • RHABDOMYOLYSIS
Creatine Kinase - Causes ... Subacute to Chronic Causes ... Electrolytes: hypo- phos ... Neuromuscular disorders ... connective tissue disorder
Acid-Base Disorders - Expected Compensation Equations

Metabolic Acidosis:
 • pCO2 = 1.5 x HCO3 + 8 ±
Acid-Base Disorders ... Acidosis: • pCO2 ... ∆ HCO3 ↓ 1 → ∆ pCO2 ... #Acid #Base #AcidBase ... #Disorders #Compensation
Etiologies of Hypoaldosteronism

Hyporeninemic Hypoaldosteronism (Low Renin, Low Aldosterone)
 - Diabetic Nephropathy 
 - NSAIDs
Non-Hyporeninemic Hypoaldosteronism (Normal
illness - Genetic disorders ... Sulfamethoxazole - Genetic disorders ... Aldosterone #Comparison #Table ... #Causes
Acid Base Disorders - Blood Gas Interpretation

Steps for Blood Gas Interpretation: 
1. Acidemia or Alkalemia? 
2.
Acid Base Disorders ... Metabolic: pH pCO2 ... Acetazolamide Causes ... MDaniyalHashmi1 #AcidBase ... #disorders #Interpretation
Etiologies of Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis
GI losses / Insensible losses
Sodium Overload
Transcellular Movement of Water
Central Diabetes Insipidus
- Infiltrative disorders ... genetic/congenital disorders ... Various rare genetic disorders ... Differential #Diagnosis #Table ... #Causes