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Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome – ARDS: Clinical Cheat Sheet

An acute diffuse, inflammatory lung injury, leading to
Distress Syndrome ... Cheat Sheet ... edema must be present ... #CheatSheet #Diagnosis ... #Management #CriticalCare
Berlin Criteria for Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS) 
- Respiratory symptoms must have begun within one
edema must be present ... on a chest radiograph ... lobar collapse, lung ... Definition #Criteria #Diagnosis ... #CriticalCare
Pulmonary Pathology and Associated Lung Ultrasound Findings
Pneumothorax:
 - No lung sliding/barcode sign
 - Lung point (hard
Edema: - Widespread ... the severity Acute ... (ARDS): - Bilateral ... #differential #diagnosis ... #signs #Lung #POCUS
Noncardiogenic Pulmonary Edema - Differential Diagnosis Framework

NCPE Pathophysiology:
Noncardiogenic pulmonary edema occurs because of excessive pulmonary capillary
Diagnosis Framework ... respiratory distress syndrome ... (ARDS) • Opioid ... lung injury (TRALI ... #diagnosis #cardiology
Hyperacute Hypoxemia - Workup and Management
Differential Diagnosis: Aspiration, Flash Pulmonary Edema, Mucous Plugging, Bronchospasm, Pulmonary Embolism,
Bronchospasm, Pulmonary ... ), Lung Exam, POCUS ... (B-lines, lung ... STAT CXR, CTA Chest ... Management #treatment #criticalcare
Approach to the A-a Gradient
A-a gradient = PAO2 - PaO2
A-a gradient = [FiO2 x (Patm -
: Atelectasis, ARDS ... Edema, Atelectasis ... , Obstructive Lung ... , Interstitial Lung ... #differential #diagnosis
The Berlin Definition of Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS)

Chest imaging - Bilateral opacities—not fully explained by
(ARDS) Chest ... effusions, lobar/lung ... >= 5cm H2O #Diagnosis ... #CriticalCare # ... ARDS #Acute #Respiratory
Uncommon Causes of Noncardiogenic Pulmonary Edema (NCPE) - Differential Diagnosis Framework

High Altitude Pulmonary Edema:
 • Accumulation
Differential Diagnosis ... blood cells in the lung ... respiratory failure or ARDS ... infiltrates on chest ... pulmonary edema
TRALI Diagnostic Criteria
TRALI type 1 - Patients who have no risk factors for ARDS and meet
Acute onset, Hypoxemia ... edema on imaging ... (eg. chest chest ... #Criteria #pulmonary ... #criticalcare
Amiodarone Induced Lung Toxicity Summary

Who?
• 5% of patients
• Dose ≥ 400 mg per day

How?  Possible
organizing pneumonia, ARDS ... pleural effusions • Acute ... toxicity (e.g., acute ... respiratory distress syndrome ... Pleuritic chest