12 results
Leukemias Overview: ALL, CML, AML, APML, CLL

Acute leukemias > 20% blasts in the peripheral blood smear
• ↑ PBS: Granulocytic ... Significant ↓ PLT ... - infiltrates (anemia ... count • ↓Hg & PLT ... #Hematology #Oncology
Primary Biliary Cirrhosis - Pathophysiology
Environmental Risk Factors: Geographic location, Smoking, Microbial triggers, Xenobiotics, Nail polish
Epigentics Risk
Primary Biliary ... Cirrhosis - Pathophysiology ... relative with PBC ... Cholestasis #PBC ... #hepatology
Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia - Summary

Cancer affecting lymphocytes/Mature B cell neoplasm
 • Lymphocytes accumulate in large numbers
• Neutropenia, anemia ... aplasia • ITP ... leukemia #CLL ... diagnosis #workup #oncology ... #hematology
Aplastic Anemia - Overview

Who?
• M = F
• 3 peaks:	1) Childhood	2) 15-25 years	3) >60 years

What?
• Aplastic anemia
Aplastic Anemia ... • Aplastic anemia ... virus (EBV) • Leukemia ... PLT • Reticulocyte ... #Anemia #oncology
Myelodysplastic Syndrome (MD) - Diagnosis and Management Summary
myelo (marrow) -dys- (abnormal) -plastic (shape) = funny-shaped cells
dys- (abnormal) -plastic ... cytopenias (usually anemia ... transformation to acute leukemia ... Allogeneic stem cell ... #oncology
Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia (CLL) - Summary
Overview: 
 • Most common leukemia in adults
 • Disorder of
(CLL) - Summary ... Vmphocytosis on routine CBC ... 5) Symptoms of anemia ... marrow failure with anemia ... #oncology #hematology
Bandemia Overview

Normal: < 1%
Clinically significant: > 10%

Band neutrophils are slightly less mature than segmented neutrophils and
Left Shift: • Cell ... precursors" • Stab cell ... Tissue damage • Leukemia ... #CBC #hematology ... #pathophysiology
Differentiation Syndrome in APML
Epidemiology:
 • Incidence: common in APL (2-48% depending on the study)
 • Triggers:
ATRA treatment Pathophysiology ... • Induce blast cell ... fluid overload, PCC ... diagnosis #management #hematology ... #oncology
Myelodysplastic Syndromes (MDS)

What?
Myelodysplastic syndromes are a group of disorders caused by blood cells that are poorly
Aplastic Anemia ... Chronic Myelogenous Leukemia ... Leukemia • Idiopathic ... Syndromes #diagnosis #hematology ... #oncology
Paraproteinemias

Entities That Can Feature A Monoclonal Protein/M Component:
• MM
• WM
• MGUS
• MGCS
• MGRS
• Splenic Marginal Zone
Lymphoma (HCV) • CLL ... +Organomegaly+↑RBC ... /plt+, ↑thrombosis ... (-) hemolytic anemia ... Differential #Diagnosis #Oncology