33 results
Positive Hoffmann’s Test (Finger Flexor Reflex) on Physical Examination

Indicates cervical spinal cord compression in this patient
Positive Hoffmann’s Test ... (Finger Flexor Reflex ... cervical spinal cord ... #Hoffmanns #Reflex ... #test #sign #Positive
Upper Motor Neuron (UMN) lesions are lesions occurring anywhere in the CNS from the brain up
to the spinal cord ... from the spinal cord ... in the spinal cord ... positive Babinski reflex ... of the spinal cord
First-line therapies for Asthma, Asthma-COPD Overlap and COPD

The diagnosis of COPD, asthma, and ACO initially requires
bronchodilator test ... required, specific tests ... bronchoprovocation test ... and sensitivity tests ... #Differences #Algorithm
Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS) Summary
ALS: combination of the clinical examination finding of amyotrophy with the pathologic
involving both UMN ... multiple spinal cord ... combination of UMN ... and LMN signs in ... Increased Jaw Jerk reflex
Spinal Cord Disorders - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Spinal cord neurological lesion:
Clinical findings:
 • Symptoms and signs below
Spinal Cord Disorders ... dysfunction • Abnormal reflexes ... : Areflexia UMN ... plantar response LMN ... differential #algorithm
Newer Syphilis Reverse Algorithm 

The advent of newer, faster 
treponemal antibody tests have 
allowed high-throughput of
Syphilis Reverse Algorithm ... specific trep. tests ... first step in the algorithm ... trep antibody) Reflex ... Syphilis #Reverse #Algorithm
Pulmonary Function Tests (PFTs) - Interpretation Algorithm
 • Normal
 • Pulmonary Hypertension, Anemia, Carboxyhemoglobinemia
 • Chest
Pulmonary Function Tests ... Interpretation Algorithm ... Non-Emphysematous COPD ... Emphysematous COPD ... Interpretation #Algorithm
Hepatitis Virus Screening Algorithm
 - Hepatitis A Virus Antibody, IgM
 - Hepatitis B Virus Core Antibody,
Virus Screening Algorithm ... Hepatitis B Virus Core ... Surface Antigen with Reflex ... Antibody by CIA with Reflex ... Virus #Screening #Algorithm
Cauda Equina Syndrome Overview

Cauda Equina Syndrome:
 • Prevalence: 1:33,000-100,000 ppl/yr
 • Incidence: 1.5-3.4 million ppl/yr
 •
Diagnosis: • Spinal cord ... spondylitis • Tethered cord ... • Provocative Tests ... bulbocavernosus reflex ... absent anal wink test
 The following #reflexes are routinely tested, and the response elicited is graded from zero to
The following #reflexes ... is best elicited ... as coma, spinal cord ... briskly with a pin ... lightly with a large pin