33 results
Diagnostic Framework for Hemolysis - Intravascular vs Extravascular Causes
Intravascular Hemolysis:
 • Mechanical Trauma (Microangiopathic hemolytic anemia):
Extravascular Causes ... hemoglobinuria (PNH ... idiopathic) - Autoimmune ... Extravascular #Causes ... differential #diagnosis #hematology
Causes of Extravascular and Intravascular Hemolysis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Extravascular - Spleen and RES-mediated hemolysis
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Causes of Extravascular ... Cold AIHA • Alloimmune ... circulation - Infections ... • PCH • PNH ... #Hematology
Hemoptysis - Differential Diagnosis Framework
Massive Hemoptysis: >150-300 mL in 24h
Airway disease: 
 • Bronchitis, Bronchiectasis, Malignancy
Parenchyma: • Infection ... Kaposi's sarcoma • Rheumatologic ... / Autoimmune: ANCA-Assoc ... Differential #Diagnosis #pulmonary ... #causes
Bilateral B-Lines in case of Pneumonia on Lung POCUS

Young healthy pt with fever/dyspnea. POCUS lung exam
POCUS lung exam ... sliding: Pulmonary ... interstitial diffuse infections ... Lung POCUS shows ... #POCUS #clinical
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Bronchiectasis - Permanent dilation of an airway
WHAT CAN YOU SEE ON CT?
1) Lack of tapering of
involving both lungs ... Immunodeficiency 3) Infection ... Obstruction 6) Rheumatologic ... /Autoimmune diseae ... Bronchiectasis #pulmonary
Common Variable Immunodeficiency (CVID)

What?
CVID: Immunodeficiency disorder with hypogammaglobulinemia -> increased infection risk secondary to impaired B-cell
to 8 years Clinical ... • Chronic lung ... : Pneumonia • Autoimmune ... DDX - Other causes ... hypogammaglobulinemia #immunology #hematology
Hemophagocytic Lymphohistiocytosis (HLH)
Pathophysiology: Triggering factor (infection,...)→Activation of CD8 T cells (IFN-y) → Excessive activation of macrophages
accumulation of clinical ... Assessment • Clinical ... solid cancers • Autoimmune ... Drugs, Unknown cause ... treatment #summary #rheumatology
Cold Agglutinin Disease

3 Types of Cold Sensitive Antibodies:
  1. Cold Agglutinins (CAD)
  2. Donath-Landsteiner
, autoimmune disorder ... Clinical Presentation ... CLL (older) • Autoimmune ... disease (younger pts ... hemolytic #anemia #hematology
Pulmonary Renal Syndromes - OnePager Summary
Autoimmune ANCA vasculitis (AAV): GPA (granulomatous with polyangiitis), EGPA (eosinophilic granulomatosis
OnePager Summary Autoimmune ... confirm DAH, r/o infection ... Goodpasture's cause ... sparing of the lung ... hematuria, RBC casts
Clinical Classification of Pulmonary Hypertension

1. Pulmonary arterial hypertension from pulmonary vasculopathy
Idiopathic pulmonary arterial hypertension
Heritable gene mutations
Clinical Classification ... diseases - HIV infection ... Interstitial lung ... multifactorial mechanisms Hematologic ... #Differential #Causes