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diagnosis differential algorithm management pancytopenia aplastic cancer chronic cll erythematosus gap globulin lupus lymphocytic myelodysplasia protein proteingap rheumatology secondary sle
Myelodysplastic Syndrome (MD) - Diagnosis and Management Summary myelo (marrow) -dys- (abnormal) -plastic (shape) = funny-shaped cells
Syndrome (MD) - ... cytopenias (usually anemia ... #Syndrome #MDS ... Management #treatment #hematology ... #oncology
Myelodysplastic Syndromes (MDS) What? Myelodysplastic syndromes are a group of disorders caused by blood cells that are poorly
Syndromes (MDS) ... formed or don’t work ... • Hairy Cell Leukemia ... Workup: • Complete ... #hematology #oncology
Causes of Thrombocytosis - Differential Diagnosis Secondary Thrombocytosis (a.k.a Reactive Thrombocytosis): • Acute infection • Solid organ
malignancies • Anemia ... vera (PV) • Myelodysplastic ... syndrome • Myelofibrosis ... Chronic myeloid leukemia ... #hematology #secondary
Aplastic Anemia - Overview Who? • M = F • 3 peaks: 1) Childhood 2) 15-25 years 3) >60 years What? • Aplastic anemia
and petechiae Causes ... • Hypocellular myelodysplastic ... syndrome (MDS) ... virus (EBV) • Leukemia ... #oncology #hematology
Pancytopenia - Workup and Differential Diagnosis Algorithm Consumption Disorders 1. Autoimmune Mediated Pancytopenia 2. Splenic Sequestration Peripheral Destruction
Pancytopenia - Workup ... PNH 2. ... Acquired Aplastic Anemia ... • Hypoplastic MDS ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #Hematology
Pancytopenia - Workup and Differential Diagnosis Algorithm Consumption Disorders 1. Autoimmune Mediated Pancytopenia 2. Splenic Sequestration Peripheral Destruction
Pancytopenia - Workup ... PNH 2. ... Acquired Aplastic Anemia ... • Hypoplastic MDS ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #Hematology
Leukemias Overview: ALL, CML, AML, APML, CLL Acute leukemias > 20% blasts in the peripheral blood smear
-> AML: Blast crises ... develop leukostasis syndrome ... - infiltrates (anemia ... • Tumor lysis syndrome ... #Hematology #Oncology
Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia - Summary Cancer affecting lymphocytes/Mature B cell neoplasm • Lymphocytes accumulate in large numbers
• Neutropenia, anemia ... • Richter’s Syndrome ... • Sezary syndrome ... #diagnosis #workup ... #oncology #hematology
SLE (Systemic Lupus Erythematosus) Suspect: Clinical evidence of (fatigue, rash, photosensitivity, inflammatory arthritis, weight loss, and fever) and
lower extremity edema ... proteinuria, dependent edema ... • May involve PNS ... lymphopenia, low PLT • Anemia ... Hodgkin lymphoma and leukemia
Elevated Globulin - Protein Gap (Total Protein - Albumin > 4) Work-up of an Elevated Globulin Gap: •
Albumin > 4) Work-up ... changes (POEMS syndrome ... gastric tumors • Hematology ... Thalassemia, Sickle cell anemia ... differential #diagnosis #hematology
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