11 results
Considerations for Crystalloids - 0.9% NS vs LR vs Plasma-Lyte
 - Causes hyperkalemia?
 - Safe to
Crystalloids - 0.9% NS ... Update: AKI in NS ... #Crystalloids #pharmacology ... #indications #comparison ... #NS #lactatedringer
Crystalloid Fluids - Contents Comparison Table
Normal plasma
0.9% saline (a.k.a. "normal saline" or NS)
0.45% saline (a.k.a. 1/2
Fluids - Contents Comparison ... normal saline" or NS ... saline (a.k.a. 1/2 NS ... Lactated Ringers (LR ... #Table #pharmacology
IV Fluids - Comparison Table
Fluid - pH - Osm - Na - Cl - Other
 •
IV Fluids - Comparison ... Normal Saline (NS ... Lactated Ringer's (LR ... #Fluids #IVF #Comparison ... #Table #pharmacology
Crystalloid Compositon - Normal Saline, Lactated Ringers, PlasmaLyte
#Pharmacology #Crystalloids #Contents #Comparison #Table #Normosol #Plasmalyte #LactatedRingers #NormalSaline
, PlasmaLyte #Pharmacology ... Crystalloids #Contents #Comparison ... #NormalSaline #NS ... #LR #IVFluids
Lactated Ringers (LR) vs Normal Saline (NS) - Comparison

Composition of LR:
 • Sodium 130 mEq/L
 •
Normal Saline (NS ... Composition of NS ... Normal Saline (NS ... Normal #Saline #NS ... #comparison #pharmacology
Crystalloid pH, Contents and Costs Compared
Plasma	pH 7.4
Normal Saline	pH 5.5*	
Ringer’s Lactate pH 6.5	
Plasmalyte A pH 6.5	
Coca-cola pH
#pH #Contents #Comparison ... #Table #Pharmacology ... #Costs #NS #LR ... LactatedRingers #Plasmalyte #Pharmacology
Drug Treatment of Anaphylaxis and Allergic Reactions
First-Line Therapy 
 - Epinephrine 
 - Oxygen 
 -
- IV fluids: NS ... or LR Second-Line ... #Anaphylaxis #Management ... #Pharmacology #
Hyperkalemia - Diagnosis and Management - GrepMed Handbook

S/Sx: Most pts asymptomatic. Weakness, cramping, nausea, paresthesias, palpitations,
S/Sx: Most pts ... only if no clear cause ... hypovolemia) - Use LR ... Bicarb<22) - avoid NS ... caution in HTN & edema
It is important to recognize Acute Decompensated Heart Failure (ADHF) as more than just simply a
JVD, Orthopnea/PND ... and Peripheral Edema ... the determined cause ... differential #algorithm #management ... icu #clinical #pharmacology
Sjogren's Syndrome Overview

Epidemiology:
• F > M: 9:1
• 5-6th Decades (can be any age)

Autoimmune exocrinopathy multisystemic disease
Hypocomplementemia • Can cause ... Xerostomia • Dental caries ... Nephrogenic DI Hematologic ... lubricants • Pharmacologic ... #Diagnosis #Management