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Pathophysiology, Signs and Symptoms of Hemolytic Anemia

#Pathophysiology #Hemolytic #Anemia #hematology #diagnosis #signs #symptoms
Signs and Symptoms ... of Hemolytic Anemia ... #Hemolytic #Anemia ... #hematology #diagnosis ... #signs #symptoms
Diagnostic Framework for Hemolysis - Intravascular vs Extravascular Causes
Intravascular Hemolysis:
 • Mechanical Trauma (Microangiopathic hemolytic anemia):
Diagnostic Framework ... Extravascular Causes ... anemia): ... hemoglobinuria (PNH ... #hematology #anemia
Causes of Extravascular and Intravascular Hemolysis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Extravascular - Spleen and RES-mediated hemolysis
 -
Causes of Extravascular ... - Differential Diagnosis ... • PCH • PNH ... anemia • ... #Hematology
Dyspnea - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Cardiovascular Causes of Dyspnea:
 • Myocardium:
	- Heart failure
	- CAD/ACS
	- Valvulopathy
 • Electrical:
	-
- Water - Pus ... Hepatopulmonary syndrome ... Barre - ALS - Transverse ... myelitis • Hematology ... : - Anemia
Cold Agglutinin Disease

3 Types of Cold Sensitive Antibodies:
  1. Cold Agglutinins (CAD)
  2. Donath-Landsteiner
Cold Agglutinin Syndrome ... of anemia include ... Diagnosis: • hemolytic ... anemia • Cold ... #anemia #hematology
Aplastic Anemia - Illness Script
Signs and symptoms:
 • Recurrent infections from neutropenia
 • Mucosal bleeding from
Illness Script Signs ... and symptoms: ... Diagnosis: • Pancytopenia ... • Associated PNH ... #treatment #hematology
Symptoms of Hypophosphatemia
 • CNS: Seizures, Delirium, Paresthesias, Central & extrapontine myelinolysis, Hallucinations, Fatigue
 • Hematologic:
Symptoms of Hypophosphatemia ... • CNS: Seizures ... Hallucinations, Fatigue • Hematologic ... : Hemolysis, Phagocytosis ... #Signs #Diagnosis
Elevated Lactate Dehydrogenase (LDH) - Differential Diagnosis Framework

LDH is a cytoplasmic enzyme present in tissues throughout
- Differential Diagnosis ... anemia, PNH, immune ... • Tumor lysis syndrome ... associated with any symptoms ... #differential #diagnosis
Causes of Thrombocytosis - Differential Diagnosis
Secondary Thrombocytosis (a.k.a Reactive Thrombocytosis):
 • Acute infection
 • Solid organ
Causes of Thrombocytosis ... malignancies • Anemia ... iron deficiency, hemolysis ... Myelodysplastic syndrome ... #Causes #hematology
Clinically Important Vitamins and Vitamin Deficiency States
Fat-soluble Vitamins: 
 • Vitamin A - Xerophthalmia, night blindness,
• Vitamin E - Haemolytic ... anaemia, ataxia ... Wernicke-Korsakoff syndrome ... #differential #diagnosis ... #signs #symptoms