10 results
Causes of Primary and Functional Mitral Regurgitation (MR) 
Causes of primary mitral regurgitation
 - Rheumatic heart
primary mitral regurgitation ... Vegetations seen ... plane into left atrium ... mitral regurgitation ... #Mitral #Regurgitation
Coronary Artery Embolism - Etiology and Scoring
Etiology:
 • Direct: Clot (LV thrombus, LAA Thrombus), Valve (Vegetation,
Direct: Clot (LV ... ), Valve (Vegetation ... - Most Common Cause ... non-culprit vessels • Atrial ... scoring #criteria #cardiology
Causes of mitral stenosis
Rheumatic heart disease
 - Most common cause worldwide. Commissural fusion, thick MV leaflets
Causes of mitral ... endocarditis (vegetations ... )/tumor (left atrial ... myxoma)/ball valve ... thrombus - When
Widened Pulse Pressure - Differential Diagnosis and Pathophysiology

Pulse pressure is the difference between the systolic blood
Physiologic Causes ... sclerosis (both heart valve ... Endocarditis • Mitral ... • Mitral Stenosis ... #cardiology
Isolated cleft in the posterior mitral valve leaflet can be a cause of unexplained mitral regurgitation
valve leaflet can ... be a cause of unexplained ... mitral regurgitation ... Echocardiogram #clinical #cardiology ... #pocus #doppler
Endocarditis Summary

Who?
Infectious:
• Pre-existing valvular disease
• Prosthetic valve
• Congenital heart disease
• IV substance use
• IV catheter
• Recent
Involves aortic and mitral ... regurgitation ... Libman Sacks) • Atrial ... Treat underlying cause ... diagnosis #management #cardiology
Cardiac LV Thrombus on Echocardiogram (A4C)
48 year old woman in ICU for acute ischemic limb. PMHx
Cardiac LV Thrombus ... considered (principally vegetation ... : serial blood cultures ... are all of some value ... A4C #clinical #cardiology
Cardiac LV Thrombus on Echocardiogram Short-Axis View (PSAX)
48 year old woman in ICU for acute ischemic
Cardiac LV Thrombus ... considered (principally vegetation ... : serial blood cultures ... are all of some value ... PSAX #clinical #cardiology
Endocarditis - Overview and Differential Diagnosis Framework

Who?
Infectious:
• Pre-existing valvular disease
• Prosthetic valve
• Congenital heart disease
• IV
involves aortic and mitral ... regurgitation ... Libman Sacks) • Atrial ... Treat underlying cause ... Differential #Diagnosis #cardiology
Ebstein Anomaly on Echocardiogram

Ebstein anomaly. The tricuspid valve is ALWAYS more apically displaced than the mitral
displaced than the mitral ... commonest congenital cause ... of tricuspid regurgitation ... associated with an atrial ... Ebstein #Anomaly #POCUS