22 results
Plasmodium Falciparum Blood Smear.
Key features suggesting Plasmodium falciparum:
- extreme parasitemia
- normocytic RBCs (vivax, ovale prefer big
Falciparum Blood Smear ... multiples per RBC ... P. falciparum causes ... human malaria cases ... rare in blood smears
Causes of Thrombocytopenia and Platelet Disorders - Differential Diagnosis and Workup
History:
 - Prior platelet count, family
Causes of Thrombocytopenia ... Diagnosis and Workup ... peripheral blood smear ... dysplasia on the smear ... #Workup #hematology
Overall Approach to Anemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Blood Loss
 • Acute Bleed - Normocytic / Normochromic
Normochromic RBCs on Smear ... RBCs Decreased RBC ... Spherocytes on Smear ... Disorder • RBC ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #Causes
Algorithm for the evaluation of macrocytic anemia. (RBC = red blood cell; MMA = methylmalonic acid.)
Physicians
(RBC = red blood ... ordering a peripheral smear ... the most likely cause ... recovery also causes ... of the initial work-up
Hematuria - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Gross Hematuria: Red/Dark urine
 • 1ml blood/liter urine can induce color change
Hematuria: 3 or more RBC ... hematuria: - RBC ... - Dysmorphic RBC ... disease Renal Causes ... renal vein between aorta
Hematuria Workup and Diagnosis Algorithm
 • Confirm hematuria → Urinalysis >3 RBCs/HPF, exclude mimics, repeat testing
Hematuria Workup ... (proteinuria, RBC ... casts, dysmorphic ... Nephrology if cause ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #Workup
Warm Antibody Autoimmune Hemolytic Anemia 
1) DIAGNOSE AIHA
 • Anemia: macrocytic > normocytic, ↑ reticulocytes
 •
↑ LDH • Anti-RBC ... C3d • Blood smear ... 2) LOOK FOR a cause
Causes of Anemia with elevated Mean Corpuscular Volume (MCV) - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Normal Blood Smear
 •
Causes of Anemia ... Normal Blood Smear ... Neutrophils - Low RBC ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #Causes
Primary Biliary Cirrhosis (PBC) - Summary

PBC Epidemiology:
 • Female:Male 9:1
 • Common European descent
 • Age:
Biliary Cirrhosis (PBC ... ) - Summary PBC ... 30-65 years PBC ... intralobular bile ducts causes ... cholangitis #diagnosis #workup
Causes of Secondary Hypertension - Workup and Differential Diagnosis
Approach (when evaluation should be done):
1. Severe or
Causes of Secondary ... Hypertension - Workup ... Coarctation of aorta ... #Hypertension #Workup ... #causes #Differential