16 results
Algorithm and Differential Diagnosis of Macroscopic Hematuria
Important Historical Elements:
- Painless: suggests malignancy
- Painful: suggests calculi/infection
- Urinalysis:
suggests calculi/infection ... intrinsic renal disease ... prostatic) #Diagnosis #EM ... #IM #Urology #Hematuria ... #Algorithm #Ddxof
Causes of Acute Liver Injury - Differential Diagnosis
Hepatocellular - Liver Parenchyma
 • Infectious: Hepatitis C, A,
Injury - Differential ... Parenchyma • Infectious ... C, A, E, B, D, EBV ... Hepatitis, TPN • Infectious ... #Injury #Differential
Differential Diagnosis and Evaluation of Hyponatremia:
1) Identification of onset (acute vs. chronic)
2) Presence of symptoms (HA,
history (cardiac, liver ... , renal disease) ... history #Diagnosis #EM ... #IM #Nephro #Hyponatremia ... #Algorithm #Ddxof
Autoantibodies and their Disease Associations
ANA - Non-specific; common in SLE, autoimmune hepatitis
Anti-CCP, Rheumatoid factor - RA
Anti-dsDNA
Dermatomyositis Anti-LKM (liver ... Anti-mitochondrial (AMA ... biliary cirrhosis (PBC ... Anti-GBM - Goodpasture's ... #diagnosis #table
Acute Liver Injury - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Vascular Causes of Acute Liver Injury: 
 • Hepatic vein:
- Differential ... Venoocclusive disease ... Injury: • Infectious ... HBV, HCV, HEV, EBV ... injury #hepatitis #differential
Adult-Onset Still's Disease
Clinical triad: Fever, Arthralgia/arthritis, Skin rash ± odynophagia
+ Biological inflammation: Increased neutrophils, Hyperferritinemia, decreased
Clinical triad: Fever ... fraction < 20% Differential ... Diaqnoses: • Infectious ... Coxsackie, CMV, EBV ... Complications: MAS
Cold Agglutinin Disease

3 Types of Cold Sensitive Antibodies:
  1. Cold Agglutinins (CAD)
  2. Donath-Landsteiner
Donath-Landsteiner Antibodies[PCH ... - Mycoplasma, EBV ... younger pts) Differential ... Disorders Such As ... Hemoglobinuria (PCH
CNS Infection in HIV / AIDS - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Principles of HIV-Associated CNS Opportunistic Infections:
 •
HIV / AIDS - Differential ... Demyelinating disease ... • Symptoms: AMS ... effect/Edema • EBV ... #differential #
CNS Infections - Viral Encephalitis and Bacterial Meningitis - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Viral Encephalitis:
MCC: Enteroviruses (e.g., coxsackievirus
CNS Infections - ... virus • CMV • EBV ... /l is regarded as ... rav7ks #CNS #Infections ... #differential #
Preoperative Risk Evaluation

Major Pre-Op Questions:
1. Does the patient have any modifiable risk factors that could be
or family - Ever ... Skin exam for infection ... Ischemic heart disease ... Recent PCI/stenting ... since elective PCI