814 results
Acid Base Disorders - Blood Gas Interpretation

Steps for Blood Gas Interpretation: 
1. Acidemia or Alkalemia? 
2.
Acid Base Disorders ... Respiratory or Metabolic ... 7.35-7.45 • PaCO2 ... 35-45 mmHg • PaO2 ... ABG #bloodgas #Acid
Hypoxia and Hypoxemia - Overview
Hypoxia - insufficient oxygen delivered to tissues to meet demands
Hypoxemia - low
O2 is inspired) PAO2 ... reaches the alveoli) PaO2 ... Low SvO2 → Low PaO2 ... Low SvO2 → Low PaO2 ... sepsis) - High PaO2
Respiratory Oxygenation Cycle - Pathophysiology
PO2 and PCO2

By @rev.med

#Respiratory #Oxygenation #Cycle #circulation #pathophysiology
Respiratory Oxygenation ... Pathophysiology PO2 ... and PCO2 By @rev.med ... #Respiratory #
Approach to the A-a Gradient
A-a gradient = PAO2 - PaO2
A-a gradient = [FiO2 x (Patm -
A-a gradient = PAO2 ... - PaO2 A-a gradient ... /0.8)] - PaO2 Simplified ... /0.8)] - PaO2 Normal ... Hypoventilation: CNS of Respiratory
Markers of Organ Dysfunction in Severe Sepsis 
Altered consciousness 
Confusion 
Psychosis 

Tachycardia 
Hypotension 
Altered CVP 
Altered
Altered CVP Altered PAOP ... Tachypnoea PaO2 ... <70mmHg SaO2 < ... 90% PaO2/FiO2 300%
Perform computations online at:
ScyMed.com
6th ED
ICU-card
«ICU, Formulas & Drugs»
HEMODYNAMIC PATTERNS
Condition
SAP
CVP

PAP PCWP

CO C(a-v)02 PVR

SVR
Hypovolemic shock
↓
↓
↓
↓
↓
↑
↑
↑
Cardiogenic shock
↓
1
↑
1

1
↑

Septic shock
↓
↓
↓
↓
↑
↓
↓
↓
Cardiac Tamponade
.
↑
↑
1
↓

→
↑
RV
min 400-600 mL Respiratory ... -PECO2))/PaCO2 ... = >60% Forced Espiratory ... age-corrected PAO2 ... ratio Respiratory
Acid Base Compensation - Directions - If all three variables (pH, HCO2, pCO2) move in the
Acid Base Compensation ... variables (pH, HCO2, pCO2 ... it is a primary respiratory ... Alkalosis #Metabolic #Respiratory
Acid-Base Disorders - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Acidemia (pH < 7.35)
 • Metabolic Acidosis (HCO3 < 24mmol/L) CO2
Acid-Base Disorders ... HCO3 12:10 • Respiratory ... Acidosis (pCO2 ... HCO3 7:10 • Respiratory ... Alkalosis (pCO2
Oxygen-Hemoglobin Dissociation Curve

Left Shift (↓ O2 unloading to tissue), Left = Lower:
 • ↓ H+ (↑
+ (↑ pH) • ↓ PCO2 ... tissue): • ↑ H+ (Acid ... ) • ↑ PCO2 • ... pathophysiology #pulmonary #respiratory
Arterial Blood Gas (ABG) Analysis - Metabolic + Respiratory Acidosis + Alkalosis

pH ↓ pCO2 ↓ -
- Metabolic + Respiratory ... acidosis pH ↑ pCO2 ... alkalosis pH ↑ pCO2 ... ↓ - Respiratory ... ↑ - Respiratory