1324 results
Hypoxia and Hypoxemia - Overview
Hypoxia - insufficient oxygen delivered to tissues to meet demands
Hypoxemia - low
O2 is inspired) PAO2 ... reaches the alveoli) PaO2 ... Low SvO2 → Low PaO2 ... summary #pulmonary #differential ... #diagnosis #causes
Markers of Organ Dysfunction in Severe Sepsis 
Altered consciousness 
Confusion 
Psychosis 

Tachycardia 
Hypotension 
Altered CVP 
Altered
Altered CVP Altered PAOP ... Tachypnoea PaO2 ... <70mmHg SaO2 < ... 90% PaO2/FiO2 300% ... Severe #Sepsis #CriticalCare
Approach to the A-a Gradient
A-a gradient = PAO2 - PaO2
A-a gradient = [FiO2 x (Patm -
A-a gradient = PAO2 ... - PaO2 A-a gradient ... /0.8)] - PaO2 Simplified ... /0.8)] - PaO2 Normal ... Hypoxia #hypoxemia #differential
Acid Base Disorders - Blood Gas Interpretation

Steps for Blood Gas Interpretation: 
1. Acidemia or Alkalemia? 
2.
Differentials? ... 7.35-7.45 • PaCO2 ... 35-45 mmHg • PaO2 ... acidosis Step 5 - Differential ... Base #Gas #VBG #differential
Acid-Base Disorders - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Acidemia (pH < 7.35)
 • Metabolic Acidosis (HCO3 < 24mmol/L) CO2
Acid-Base Disorders - Differential ... Respiratory Acidosis (pCO2 ... Respiratory Alkalosis (pCO2 ... AcidBase #Disorders #Differential ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #Causes
Berlin Criteria for Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS) 
- Respiratory symptoms must have begun within one
inspired oxygen (PaO2 ... - 200 mm Hg < PaO2 ... - 100 mm Hg < PaO2 ... H2O - Severe - PaO2 ... Criteria #Diagnosis #CriticalCare
ABG vs VBG: Arterial vs Venous Blood Gases

ABG
PROS: Tells you exactly what the arterial environment looks
vs Venous Blood Gases ... looks like (pH, PaCO2 ... Comparison #pH #pCO2
PROSEVA definition of ARDS
Thus, the PROSEVA trial essentially modifies the Berlin definition of ARDS, with the
requirement that the PaO2 ... requires that the PaO2 ... #Diagnosis #CriticalCare
Hypoxemia vs Hypoxia
Hypoxemia - Partial pressure of arterial oxygen (PaO2) is below normal
Hypoxia - Insufficient oxygen
arterial oxygen (PaO2 ... compensate for low PaO2 ... hypoxia #hypoxemia #differential
Understanding & Treating ARDS - Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome

•  Timing - within one week of
Impaired Oxygenation PaO2 ... Diagnosis #Management #CriticalCare