16 results
Secondary Causes of Hypertension - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Hypertension - BP > 140/90 (>130/80 for DM)
Hypertensive urgency
visits, Ambulatory blood ... Consider secondary HTN ... multi-drug resistance) Renal ... Parenchymal Diseases ... #Secondary #Nephrology
Hematuria - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Gross Hematuria: Red/Dark urine
 • 1ml blood/liter urine can induce color change
urine • 1ml blood ... Renal Causes ... • Malignant HTN ... #nephrology #renal ... #urine #blood
Primary and Secondary Causes of Hypertension - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Primary (Essential) (95%) - Onset between age
- Differential Diagnosis ... • Long-standing ... Repeatedly normal blood ... excess (Cushing syndrome ... Primary #Secondary #HTN
Streptococcal Toxic Shock Syndrome (STSS)
Complication of invasive GAS disease characterized by shock & MOF → occurs
of invasive GAS disease ... GAS in 30% of cases ... body site (i.e., blood ... kidneys, liver, lung ... /ARDS, coagulopathy
Pulmonary Renal Syndromes - OnePager Summary
Autoimmune ANCA vasculitis (AAV): GPA (granulomatous with polyangiitis), EGPA (eosinophilic granulomatosis
Other tests: • CT ... Goodpasture's cause ... sparing of the lung ... reveals increasing blood ... #treatment
Hyperkalemia - Differential Diagnosis Framework

PseudoHyperkalemia:
 • Lab error
 • Traumatic venipuncture
 • Hemolysis, thrombocytosis, leukocytosis
 •
transfusion • HTN ... - Tumor lysis syndrome ... • Addison’s disease ... #causes #potassium ... #high #nephrology
Rhabdomyolysis - Differential Diagnosis Framework and Management Summary

Causes of Rhabdomyolysis:
 • Trauma:
	- Immobilization
	- Crush injury
	- Compartment
- Differential Diagnosis ... Management Summary Causes ... UA positive for blood ... disease 2. ... #treatment #nephrology
Hyperkalemia - Differential Diagnosis Framework

PseudoHyperkalemia:
 • Lab error
 • Traumatic venipuncture
 • Hemolysis, thrombocytosis, leukocytosis
 •
transfusion • HTN ... - Tumor lysis syndrome ... • Addison’s disease ... #causes #potassium ... #high #nephrology
Posterior Reversible Encephalopathy Syndrome (PRES) Overview

Clinico-Radiological Syndrome, characterized by:
 • Headache
 • Seizures
 • Altered mental
Shock, Autoimmune disease ... Immunosuppressive agents, Renal ... • Treatment of ... HTN is the mainstay ... #neurology
Acid Base Disorders - Blood Gas Interpretation

Steps for Blood Gas Interpretation: 
1. Acidemia or Alkalemia? 
2.
Base Disorders - Blood ... D-lactate (short bowel syndrome ... or restrictive lung ... disease (COPD, ... #Summary #Nephrology