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Lung Infections in HIV - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Disease by CD4 Count:
Any CD4 Count:
 • Mycobacterium tuberculosis,
Diagnosis Framework Disease ... angioinvasive disease ... • CT: Halo sign ... and dyspnea • Lobar ... infiltrates or lobar
Cavitary Lung Disease - Differential Diagnosis and Workup Algorithm
Acute / Subacute:
 • Acute Infections: Lung abscess,
Cavitary Lung Disease ... Acute / Subacute ... : • Acute Infections ... : Lung abscess, ... Necrotizing Pneumonia
Lung Abscess - Diagnosis and Management Summary

Lung Abscess Etiology:
 • Necrosis of lung parenchyma by a
Lung Abscess - Diagnosis ... Lung abscess ... Lung Abscess - Clinical ... seen • Chest CT ... Lung Abscess
Chronic Cough - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Red Flags:
 • Fever, night sweats, chills (infection)
 • Weight loss,
Red Flags: • Fever ... Dyspnea (underlying lung ... ) • Abnormal CXR ... refer + order CT ... History of cancer, lung
Fever Patterns - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Continuous Fever:
Temp > 38°C with only 1 degree fluctuation in 24
103-104°F) • Lobar ... • Acute bacterial ... infections • Acute ... Brucellosis • Liver or lung ... abscess • Sub-acute
It is very important to differentiate between acute consolidation and chronic consolidation, because it will limit
differentiate between acute ... Neoplasm with lobar ... - Lung neoplasms ... Radiology #Pulmonary #CXR ... Consolidation #Acute
Based on the images alone, it is usually not possible to determine the cause of the
Lobar pneumonia ... with cough and fever ... nodular interstitial lung ... disease, that is ... Diagnosis #Radiology #CXR
Endocarditis Summary

Who?
Infectious:
• Pre-existing valvular disease
• Prosthetic valve
• Congenital heart disease
• IV substance use
• IV catheter
• Recent
verrucous) • Lung ... , Pancreas, Gastric ... Culture (+): Acute ... night sweats, fever ... Persistent bacteremia/fevers
Endocarditis - Overview and Differential Diagnosis Framework

Who?
Infectious:
• Pre-existing valvular disease
• Prosthetic valve
• Congenital heart disease
• IV
, verrucous) - Lung ... , Pancreas, Gastric ... Culture Positive: • Acute ... night sweats, fever ... Persistent bacteremia/fevers