8 results
Causes of Hyponatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Hypovolemia, UNa > 20: 
 • Renal losses, Diuretic excess,
with renal tubal acidosis ... and metabolic alkalosis ... fluids, Burns, Pancreatitis ... UNa > 20: • Acute ... #Causes #nephrology
Causes of Hypokalemia
Transcellular Shifts:
 - Alkalosis, Increased plasma insulin (treatment of diabetic ketoacidosis), ß-Adrenergic agonists, Hypokalemic
Transcellular Shifts: - Alkalosis ... Renal tubular acidosis ... exercise, Heat stroke ... #differential # ... diagnosis #nephrology
Acid Base Disorders - Blood Gas Interpretation

Steps for Blood Gas Interpretation: 
1. Acidemia or Alkalemia? 
2.
Diagnosis: Causes ... D-lactate (short bowel syndrome ... Volume depletion (diuresis ... restrictive lung disease ... #Summary #Nephrology
Diuretics and Agents Regulating Renal Excretion

Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors (Acetazolamide, Dichlorphenamide)
 • Glaucoma
 • Epilepsy
 • Altitude
• Metabolic alkalosis ... • Diagnosis of ... Kidney stones caused ... #Nephrology #Pharmacology ... #Medications #Table
Causes of Metabolic Alkalosis: Differential Diagnosis
ECF volume contracted: urine chloride concentration <20 meq/L
 • Gastric alkalosis:
Alkalosis: Differential ... postchronic hypercapnia (acute ... chronic respiratory acidosis ... Diagnosis #Causes ... #nephrology
Causes of Secondary Hypertension - Workup and Differential Diagnosis
Approach (when evaluation should be done):
1. Severe or
and Differential ... , including a diuretic ... and metabolic alkalosis ... Renal parenchymal disease ... #causes #Differential
Causes of Lactate Elevation, Lactic Acidosis - Differential Diagnosis

The most common causes of hyperlactatemia are usually:
presentations and disease ... Causes of elevated ... - Compartment syndrome ... pancreatitis ... #Diagnosis #causes
Posterior Reversible Encephalopathy Syndrome (PRES) Overview

Clinico-Radiological Syndrome, characterized by:
 • Headache
 • Seizures
 • Altered mental
Shock, Autoimmune disease ... Reversible course Differential ... Constipation, Seizures, Stroke ... An elevated white ... #neurology